Table 2. Potential targeted therapy in B-ALL ([46, 85], if not otherwise specified).
| Altered singling pathways | Inhibitor | FDA approved medication | Potential agents |
|---|---|---|---|
| BCR-ABL1-like ALL | |||
| ABL1, ABL2, CSFR, PDGFRB | TKIs | Imatinib * Dasatinib* Ponatinib* |
|
| CRLF2, JAK2, EPOR, TSLP | JAK2 inhibitor | Ruxolitinib # | |
| IL2RB | JAK1/JAK3 inhibitor |
Tofacitinib # Oclacitinib # |
|
| NTRK3 | NTRK3 inhibitor | Crizotinib # | |
| TYK2 | TYK2 inhibitor | Ndi-031301 [92] | |
| PTK2B | FAK inhibitor | VS-4718 [93] | |
| CREBBP (CREB-binding protein- CBP) | Histone deacetylase (HiDAC) inhibitors | ICG-001 (bind to CBP) [94] | |
| Mutations in Ras/RTK pathway and PI3K pathway genes | PI3K/mTOR inhibitors | Rapamycin # [95] | |
| MLL/KTM2A rearrangement | Inhibitor of histone methyltransferase: DOLT1, FLT3 inhibitors | Lestaurtinib # (FLT-3 inhibitor) [96, 97] | |
| Hypodiploidy (TP53, RAS/RTK/PI3K pathways) | MEK inhibitors PI3K inhibitors | Trametinib # [91] | Selumetinib [90] |
| Hyperdiploidy (RAS pathway) | MEK inhibitors | Trametinib # [91, 98] | Selumetinib [90] |
*. FDA approved for lymphoblastic leukemia treatment
#. FDA approved for other diseases but not for acute lymphoblastic leukemia