Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2018;18(2):177–187. doi: 10.2174/1568009617666170222125035

Table 1.

Phase I and II clinical trials of oncolytic attenuated measles vaccine (MV-Edm) derivatives.

MV Strain Genetic Modification Type of Cancer Patients Route of administration Dose range and schedule Combination treatment Results/Current status
MV-Edm Zagreb vaccine strain (MV-EZ) Commercially available measles vaccine (genetically unmodified) CTLC Five measles immune patients with ≥ stage IIb refractory or recurrent CTCL Intratumoral 102–103 TCID50 (each patient received a total of 2 or 4 injections) Subcutaneous interferon-alpha administration 72 hours and 24 hours before viral treatment. No dose-limiting toxicity. Complete regression of 1 injected lesion, partial regression of 4 treated lesions and no response of 1 injected lesion. Completed study [55].
MV-CEA (recombinant MV-Edm derivative) Engineered to express the soluble extracellular domain of human CEA Ovarian cancer Twenty-one measles immune patients with recurrent ovarian cancer confined to the peritoneal cavity Intraperitoneal 103–109 TCID50 per dose (up to 6 monthly doses were administered per patient) No No dose-limiting toxicity. Dose-dependent CEA detection. Dose-dependent disease stabilization. Doubling of median overall survival compared with historical controls. Completed study [56].
MV-NIS (recombinant MV-Edm derivative) Engineered to express NIS Ovarian cancer Sixteen measles immune patients with recurrent ovarian cancer confined to the peritoneal cavity Intraperitoneal 108–109 TCID50 per dose (up to 6 monthly doses were administered per patient) No No dose-limiting toxicity. Dose-dependent NIS-mediated radiotracer uptake. Dose-dependent disease stabilization. Doubling of median overall survival compared with historical controls. Completed study [59].
MV-NIS (recombinant MV-Edm derivative) Engineered to express NIS Ovarian cancer Randomized phase II study of MV-NIS versus investigator’s choice chemotherapy accruing measles immune patients with platinum-resistant ovarian, fallopian, or peritoneal cancer Intraperitoneal 109 TCID50 per dose. Repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. No Ongoing study (NCT02364713).
MV-NIS (recombinant MV-Edm derivative) Engineered to express NIS Ovarian cancer Accruing patients with recurrent ovarian cancer confined to the peritoneal cavity Intraperitoneal 109 TCID50 MV-NIS on day 1 cycle 1 ;MV-infected mesenchymal stem cells intraperitoneally on subsequent cycles every 28 days for up to 6 courses total, in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. MV-NIS infected mesenchymal stem cells Ongoing study (NCT02068794).
MV-CEA (recombinant MV-Edm derivative) Engineered to express the soluble extracellular domain of human CEA Glioblastoma multiforme Accruing measles immune patients who are candidates for gross total or subtotal tumor resection. Intracranial. 105 to 2×107 TCID50 per dose (each patient will receive a single injection into the excised tumor cavity or 1 intratumoral dose (Group A) before surgery plus a second dose into the resection cavity) (Group B) No No dose-limiting toxicity to date. Ongoing study (NCT00390299).
MV-NIS (recombinant MV-Edm derivative) Engineered to express NIS Multiple myeloma Accruing patients with recurrent or refractory multiple myeloma Intravenous 106 to 109 TCID50 (1st patient cohort). MTD/100 to 81*MTD/100 (2nd patient cohort) With or without cyclophosphamide pretreatment 48 hours before viral treatment No dose-limiting toxicity to date. Preliminary report in 2 patients: M protein reduction and resolution of bone marrow plasmacytosis in both patients. Complete resolution ×9 months in all disease sites of 1 patient. Specificity, extend and duration of infection were monitored by NIS-mediated radiotracer uptake [63]. Ongoing study (NCT00450814).
MV-NIS (recombinant MV-Edm derivative) Engineered to express NIS Multiple myeloma Accruing measles-seronegative patients with recurrent or refractory multiple myeloma Intravenous Single dose of MV-NIS intravenously, initially +/− a 4-day course of cyclophosphamide. Currently single arm virus alone expansion study (109 TCID50 MV-NIS) in MV seronegative patients 4-day course of cyclophosphamide Ongoing study (NCT02192775).
MV-NIS (recombinant MV-Edm derivative) Engineered to express NIS Mesothelioma Accruing patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma Intrapleural 108 to 3 × 109 TCID50 per dose every 28 days (up to 6 monthly doses are allowed) No Ongoing study (NCT01503177).
MV-NIS (recombinant MV-Edm derivative) Engineered to express NIS Squamous cell head and neck cancer or breast cancer Accruing patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck or breast cancer Intratumorally 108 to 109 TCID50 per dose. Single dose per patient administered intratumorally No Ongoing study (NCT01846091).
MV-NIS (recombinant MV-Edm derivative) Engineered to express NIS Malignant Peripheral nerve sheath tumors Accruing patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors Intratumorally 108 to 109 TCID50 per dose. Single dose per patient administered intratumorally No Ongoing study (NCT02700230)

CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; CTCL: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; MTD: Maximum tolerated dose; NIS: Sodium iodide symporter; TCID50: 50% tissue culture infective dose