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. 2017 Jun 7;20(10):823–832. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx048

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© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of CINP.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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Figure 3. — Greater effects of chronic mild stress (CMS) on ventral tegmental area (VTA) population activity in females. A separate cohort of animals was exposed to 4 weeks of CMS to compare CMS effects between sexes. (A) Female rats exhibited reduced population activity compared with male rats (n = 6/group, P< .001). No differences were found in (B) firing rate (P= .73) or (C) bursting activity (P= .17). Error bars represent mean ± SEM. Gray bars represent males; red bars represent females. ***P< .001.