Table 3.

Uni- and Multivariable Conditional Logistic Regression of Avascular Bone Necrosis in 74 Cases and 145 Concurrent Controls

Factor	Univariable Model OR (95% CI)	P Value	Multivariable Modelsa OR (95% CI)	P Value
Transmission risk group MSM	1
Heterosexual	4.2 (1.7–10)	.002	3.5 (1.1–10)	.027
Intravenous drug use	2.8 (1.2–6.5)	.014	1.9 (0.61–5.8)	.268
Age per 10 y	0.84 (0.61–1.2)	.29	0.67 (0.43–1.0)	.073
Alcohol consumptionb	3.0 (1.6–5.8)	.001	2.7 (1.3–5.7)	.008
Corticosteroid usec	4.1 (1.4–12)	.009	3.4 (0.97–12)	.057
CD4 nadir <200 cells/µL	1.9 (0.99–3.7)	.054	1.4 (0.63–3.2)	.392
Log10 maximal HIV-1 viral load	3.6 (0.89–15)	.071	1.6 (0.41–6.6)	.491
Pancreatitis	4.0 (1.0–16)	.05	3.0 (0.66–14)	.153
Hyperlipidemiad	3.8 (1.6–9.0)	.002	3.6 (1.4–9.6)	.010
Smoking, >20 pack-years	1.6 (0.94–2.8)	.081	1.2 (0.59–2.63)	.565
Testosterone use	0.40 (0.09–1.8)	.237	0.38 (0.07–2.2)	.279

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.

^aMultivariable models were adjusted for transmission risk group, age, alcohol consumption, use of corticosteroids, CD4 nadir, maximum viral load, pancreatitis, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and testosterone use.

^bAlcohol use: moderate (female 20–40 g/d, male 40–60 g/d) and severe use (female >40 g/d, male >60 g/).

^cCorticosteroid intake for more than 3 months.

^dHyperlipidemia: cholesterol >5 mmol/L and/or triglyceride >2 mmol/L.