Table 4.

Bivariate analysis showing the association between sociodemographic and environmental factors and active trachoma in the North and South Wollo Zones of the ANRS, Ethiopia, 2014 (n = 1358)

Variables	Active trachoma, number		cOR (95% CI)
	Yes	No
Sex of child
Female	153	568	0.948 (0.732–1.227)
Male	141	496	1
Child’s age
1–3	108	350	1.24 (0.879–1.759)
4–6	121	452	1.079 (0.770–1.512)
7–8	65	262	1
Ocular discharge
Yes	124	111	6.262 (4.62–8.48) *
No	170	953	1
Nasal discharge
Yes	127	239	2.625 (2.0–3.45) *
No	167	825	1
Primary guardian of child
Grandmother	28	43	2.499 (1.524–4.099) *
Mother	266	1021	1
Education status of HH head
Literate	131	485	0.959 (0.74–1.24)
Illiterate	163	579	1
Religion of HH head
Orthodox Christian	175	560	1.324 (1.02–1.72)
Muslim	119	504	1
Household size
1–3	105	377	0.826 (0.52–1.32)
4–6	159	598	0.789 (0.503–1.24)
≥ 7	30	89	1
HH primary water source
Improved	201	726	1 (0.76–1.33)
Unimproved	93	338	1
Time to fetch water
≤ 30 min	7	515	0.026 (0.012–0.056)
> 30 min	287	549	1
Frequency of hand and face washing
Once a day	291	990	7.25 (2.27–23.17) *
Two or more times a day	3	74	1
Access to latrine
Yes	2	576	0.006 (0.001–0.023) *
No	292	488	1
Frequency of latrine usage
Sometimes	40	129	1.325 (0.877–2.003)
Always	106	453	1

HH household