MAIT cells, but not CD8 T cells, induce 5-A-RU/MG–dependent DC maturation. IFN-γ (A) and IL-12 (B) secretion in cocultures of DCs and MAIT cells, CD8+ CD161+ cells, or CD8+ CD161− cells, activated by the indicated concentration of 5-A-RU/MG or LPS. PMA and ionomycin was used as a control for T cell activation. Data are from two experiments, with one MAIT cell donor autologous to and one allogeneic to the DCs; values represent mean ± SD. (C–E) Freshly sorted MAIT cells induce DC maturation. (C) Phenotype of freshly sorted MAIT cells and MAIT lines. Plotted is the percentage of cells positive for each indicated marker, depicted as box-and-whisker plots, with all points indicated. n = 5 for fresh MAIT cells;n = 6 for MAIT lines (only three of each were tested for CD56). For two donors, fresh and cultured MAIT cells were tested. (D) Percentage of freshly sorted MAIT cells activated in response to DCs pulsed with the indicated concentration of 5-A-RU/MG, TLR ligands, or a combination of the two. (E) Expression of CD83 and CD80 (geometric mean ± SD) in DCs activated by freshly sorted MAIT cells, R848, or a combination of the two. Data in (D and E) are from two donors, both allogeneic to the DCs. Additional data related to this experiment are shown in Supplemental Fig 3.