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. 2017 Nov;108:22–31. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.07.009

Table 5.

Health impact (deaths and DALYS) by gender from changes in air pollution for each scenario (Median (95% Credible Intervals)).

SP EC SP London 2012 SP California SP 2040
Deaths
 Men
 Stroke − 88 (− 119 to − 61) − 86 (− 122 to − 55) − 64 (− 131 to 1) − 120 (− 156 to − 87)
 Ischemic heart disease − 56 (− 81 to − 29) − 54 (− 80 to − 29) − 44 (− 89 to − 2) − 76 (− 104 to − 47)
 Tracheal, bronchus and lung cancer − 11 (− 17 to − 6) − 12 (− 18 to − 6) − 8 (− 19 to 0) − 18 (− 25 to − 11)
 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease − 12 (− 16 to − 7) − 12 (− 17 to − 7) − 8 (− 17 to 2) − 16 (− 21 to − 10)
 Women
 Stroke − 80 (− 110 to − 54) − 82 (− 119 to − 50) − 43 (− 106 to 19) − 112 (− 149 to − 75)
 Ischemic heart disease − 33 (− 52 to − 17) − 34 (− 58 to − 17) − 17 (− 48 to 11) − 50 (− 76 to − 27)
 Tracheal, bronchus and lung cancer − 8 (− 13 to − 4) − 9 (− 14 to − 4) − 5 (− 13 to 1) − 13 (− 18 to − 7)
 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease − 8 (− 11 to − 4) − 8 (− 12 to − 4) − 3 (− 11 to 3) − 11 (− 15 to − 7)
DALYs
 Men
 Stroke − 2801 (− 3786 to − 1929) − 2732 (− 3835 to − 1769) − 2316 (− 4489 to − 230) − 3907 (− 5067 to − 2849)
 Ischemic heart disease − 1534 (− 2231 to − 768) − 1476 (− 2160 to − 779) − 1318 (− 2531 to − 143) − 2078 (− 2817 to − 1293)
 Tracheal, bronchus and lung cancer − 281 (− 423 to − 145) − 279 (− 441 to − 143) − 225 (− 501 to − 16) − 444 (− 610 to − 279)
 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease − 365 (− 489 to − 225) − 360 (− 519 to − 221) − 293 (− 585 to − 3) − 505 (− 681 to − 361)
 Women
 Stroke − 2273 (− 3092 to − 1551) − 2342 (− 3322 to − 1503) − 1580 (− 3348 to 140) − 3238 (− 4288 to − 2236)
 Ischemic heart disease − 1031 (− 1535 to − 556) − 1062 (− 1638 to − 558) − 717 (− 1627 to 84) − 1509 (− 2173 to − 888)
 Tracheal, bronchus and lung cancer − 163 (− 247 to − 89) − 167 (− 270 to − 88) − 114 (− 272 to 0) − 263 (− 364 to − 152)
 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease − 238 (− 325 to − 149) − 244 (− 350 to − 143) − 155 (− 353 to 36) − 337 (− 460 to − 220)
 PM2.5 background concentration (μg/m3)a 16.9 (15.7 to 18.1) 16.7 (15.4 to 17.9) 18 (16.4 to 19.7) 16.1 (14.9 to 17.3)
a

Baseline PM2.5 background concentration: 18.5 μg/m3 (17.3 to 19.7 μg/m3).