Table 3.
Comparison between before and after treatment in each group.
| POSG (n = 11) | DTG (n = 10) | CTG (n = 9) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T0 | T1 | p | T0 | T1 | p | T0 | T1 | p | |
| Median (min–max) | Median (min–max) | Median (min–max) | Median (min–max) | Median (min–max) | Median (min–max) | ||||
| Weight (Kg) | 67.80 (50.30–111.80) | 66.30 (49.70–107.90) | 0.39 | 77.00 (62.20–99.00) | 75.25 (60.50–93.30) | 0.01∗ | 79.50 (57.20–121.00) | 76.50 (56.10–119.50) | 0.01∗ |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 25.11 (20.12–39.45) | 24.75 (20.12–38.52) | 0.39 | 28.60 (26.10–38.60) | 27.57 (23.90–35.80) | 0.01∗ | 29.20 (22.07–39.93) | 28.10 (21.64–38.58) | 0.01∗ |
| WC (cm) | 77.00 (69.50–121.00) | 78.00 (68.00–121.00) | 0.07 | 94.25 (85.00–106.50) | 88.50 (80.00–100.00) | 0.01∗ | 90.00 (74.00–122.50) | 86.50 (71.00–115.00) | 0.04∗ |
| HC (cm) | 104.50 (85.50–132.00) | 105.00 (87.00–121.50) | 0.40 | 108.00 (102.00–120.00) | 104.50 (96.00–116.00) | 0.02∗ | 112.25 (89.00–132.00) | 109.50 (88.00–119.00) | 0.17 |
| WHR | 0.77 (0.69–1.05) | 0.76 (0.66–1.05) | 0.28 | 0.86 (0.80–0.94) | 0.84 (0.76–0.93) | 0.09 | 0.82 (0.71–1.09) | 0.81 (0.74–1.00) | 0.04∗ |
| Phase angle (°) | 6.50 (4.60–10.20) | 6.30 (4.90–8.60) | 0.15 | 7.05 (5.10–9.30) | 6.50 (4.70–8.60) | 0.06 | 6.90 (4.90–9.00) | 5.70 (5.10–6.60) | 0.02∗ |
| II (cm2/Ω) | 51.52 (39.35–69.05) | 50.53 (39.35–66.92) | 0.03∗ | 57.12 (42.79–82.53) | 53.43 (40.99–76.08) | 0.06 | 55.11 (45.40–94.28) | 51.93 (43.42–91.02) | 0.01∗ |
| TBFat (Kg) | 23.29 (14.03–24.57) | 22.70 (14.43–25.50) | 0.59 | 29.52 (23.00–44.64) | 29.13 (22.76–40.33) | 0.03∗ | 34.39 (15.05–44.19) | 28.18 (13.60–43.05) | 0.04∗ |
| ABFat (Kg) | 1.36 (0.70–2.40) | 1.24 (0.67–2.33) | 0.11 | 2.60 (1.29–4.23) | 2.65Z (1.23–3.60) | 0.07 | 2.53 (0.82–4.38) | 1.81 (0.61–4.23) | 0.04∗ |
| GBFat (Kg) | 3.90 (2.97–4.95) | 3.91 (2.90–4.87) | 0.28 | 5.70 (4.35–7.70) | 4.90 (4.10–7.77) | 0.07 | 5.86 (2.72–7.05) | 5.20 (2.43–6.76) | 0.04∗ |
| IMAT | 0.89 (0.46–2.00) | 0.85 (0.47–1.18) | 0.59 | 1.22 (0.87–1.79) | 1.20 (0.86–1.69) | 0.03∗ | 1.47 (0.50–2.04) | 1.15 (0.44–1.72) | 0.04∗ |
| TBLean (Kg) | 35.88 (34.43–51.36) | 35.87 (35.39–50.63) | 1.00 | 43.23 (35.63–58.13) | 42.61 (35.62–57.21) | 0.02∗ | 41.58 (39.59–54.96) | 40.42 (39.51–54.11) | 0.22 |
| HAM-A | 11.00 (3.00–28.00) | 7.00 (1.00–28.00) | 0.01∗ | 13.50 (7.00–30.00) | 10.00 (6.00–31.00) | 0.72 | 6.00 (00.00–23.00) | 5.00 (0.00–19.00) | 0.04∗ |
All parameters were evaluated before and after treatments by Wilcoxon test. All results were expressed as median (minimum–maximum). Statistical significance attributed to results with ∗p < 0.05 between T0 and T1. POSG: psychobiotics oral suspension group; DTG: dietary treatment group; CTG: combined treatment group; BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; HC: hip circumference; WHR: waist-to-hip ratio; II: impedance index; TBFat: total body fat; ABFat: android body fat; GBFat: gynoid body fat; IMAT: intermuscular adipose tissue; TBLean: total body lean; Ham-A: Hamilton anxiety rating scale (negative test (nonanxious subjects) if total score < 18 and positive test (anxious subjects) if total score ≥ 18).