Inhibitory effects of Y-0452 on endothelial cell migration and tube formation. (A, C) HRCECs were treated with Y-0452 and Feno-FA (FA) at indicated concentrations for 16 hours and seeded onto Matrigel containing different concentrations of Y-0452 or Feno-FA. After 6 hours of incubation, branch numbers were counted in five random fields under a microscope. (B, D) HRCECs were seeded in a 24-well plate and cultured in growth medium until 80% confluency. A straight line across the center of the well was scratched. After washing with PBS, cells were incubated with different concentrations of Y-0452 and Feno-FA for 24 hours. Images were captured, and cell migration distances were quantified using ImageJ software and expressed as percentages of vehicle control (n = 3, **P < 0.01 versus vehicle, #P < 0.05 versus Feno-FA, ##P < 0.01 versus Feno-FA, 2-way ANOVA).