Table 1. Demographic and occupational characteristics of the study participants based on age stratification.
| 19–40 yr | 41–60 yr | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | aweighted N | % (SE) | N | aweighted N | % (SE) | p-value | |||
| Age (yr, mean (SD)) | 33.7 (5.7) | 50.2 (5.7) | <0.001 | ||||||
| Occupational category | <0.001 | ||||||||
| office work | 626 | 1,790,405 | 43.8 (1.6) | 682 | 1,581,151 | 33.1 (1.3) | |||
| service and sales | 247 | 835,462 | 20.4 (1.5) | 271 | 753,249 | 15.8 (1.0) | |||
| manual work | 408 | 1,460,664 | 35.6 (1.6) | 893 | 2,438,088 | 51.1 (1.5) | |||
| Working hours (per 1 wk, mean (SD)) | 49.3 (14.2) | 48.7 (16.4) | 0.241 | ||||||
| Educational level | <0.001 | ||||||||
| middle school or less | 34 | 138,542 | 3.4 (0.6) | 454 | 1,184,364 | 24.8 (1.3) | |||
| high school | 487 | 1,767,530 | 43.3 (1.6) | 741 | 1,978,741 | 41.5 (1.4) | |||
| university or more | 760 | 2,180,459 | 53.3 (1.6) | 678 | 1,609,383 | 33.7 (1.5) | |||
| Household income status | 0.001 | ||||||||
| low | 67 | 251,915 | 6.2 (0.8) | 107 | 278,342 | 5.8 (0.6) | |||
| low medium | 348 | 1,101,819 | 27.0 (1.5) | 395 | 1,182,646 | 24.7 (1.3) | |||
| medium high | 480 | 1,519,025 | 37.1 (1.5) | 584 | 1,516,705 | 31.8 (1.2) | |||
| high | 386 | 1,213,772 | 29.7 (1.6) | 760 | 1,794,795 | 37.6 (1.5) | |||
| Regular walking | <0.001 | ||||||||
| less than 30 min or 5 d/wk | 759 | 2,256,644 | 55.2 (1.7) | 1,201 | 3,056,495 | 64.0 (1.4) | |||
| more than 30 min*5 d/wk | 522 | 1,829,887 | 44.8 (1.7) | 645 | 1,715,992 | 36.0 (1.4) | |||
| Alcohol intake | 0.001 | ||||||||
| normal | 439 | 1,370,339 | 34.1 (1.6) | 704 | 1,726,520 | 37.5 (1.4) | |||
| heavy | 512 | 1,665,024 | 41.4 (1.7) | 578 | 1,509,069 | 32.8 (1.3) | |||
| very heavy | 167 | 517,870 | 12.9 (1.1) | 250 | 662,531 | 14.4 (1.0) | |||
| alcohol dependent | 145 | 467,949 | 11.6 (1.1) | 249 | 699,900 | 15.2 (1.1) | |||
| Marital status | <0.001 | ||||||||
| married or cohabitating | 869 | 2,388,426 | 58.4 (1.8) | 1,736 | 4,395,870 | 92.1 (0.9) | |||
| separated or not married | 412 | 1,698,105 | 41.5 (1.8) | 110 | 376,618 | 7.9 (0.9) | |||
| Perceived stress | <0.001 | ||||||||
| less | 846 | 2,803,245 | 68.6 (1.5) | 1,368 | 3,579,025 | 74.9 (1.1) | |||
| much | 435 | 1,283,286 | 31.4 (1.5) | 478 | 1,193,463 | 25.1 (1.1) | |||
| Total | 1,281 | 4,086,531 | 100 | 1,846 | 4,772,488 | 100 | |||
All study participants were male.
SD: standard deviation; SE: standard error; yr: year; and hr: hour
a weighted N: weighted number in Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is representative of the Korean civilian noninstitutionalized census population