Table 3.
Odds ratios for presenting with advanced‐stage (IIIB‐IV) lung cancer by individual‐ and area‐level SES indices and demographic variables stratified by sex, 2005–2014, n = 7013
| Male | Female | Both | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI)a | P | Adjusted OR | P | OR (95% CI)a | P | Adjusted OR | P | OR (95% CI)a | Adjusted OR | P | ||
| (95% CI)b | (95% CI)c | (95% CI)d | ||||||||||
| Age at diagnosis, years | ||||||||||||
| <50 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| 50–74 | 0.66 (0.53–0.84) | <0.001 | 0.70 (0.55–0.90) | 0.006 | 0.53 (0.39–0.72) | <0.001 | 0.67 (0.49–0.91) | 0.001 | 0.60 (0.50–0.73) | <0.001 | 0.67 (0.55–0.81) | <0.001 |
| ≥75 | 0.62 (0.48–0.80) | <0.001 | 0.67 (0.51–0.88) | 0.004 | 0.40 (0.28–0.57) | <0.001 | 0.58 (0.39–0.86) | <0.001 | 0.54 (0.44–0.66) | <0.001 | 0.62 (0.50–0.78) | <0.001 |
| Marital status | ||||||||||||
| Single | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||||
| Widowed/Divorced | 1.15 (0.42–3.15) | 0.785 | 0.88 (0.16–4.87) | 0.879 | 1.05 (0.45–2.48) | 0.905 | ||||||
| Married | 1.37 (0.78–2.40) | 0.278 | 1.42 (0.41–4.86) | 0.580 | 1.38 (0.83–2.31) | 0.216 | ||||||
| Body mass index | ||||||||||||
| <25 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| 25–30 | 0.73 (0.62–0.87) | <0.001 | 0.77 (0.65–0.92) | 0.004 | 0.73 (0.56–0.94) | 0.015 | 0.80 (0.61–1.05) | 0.120 | 0.73 (0.64–0.84) | <0.001 | 0.78 (0.68–0.91) | 0.001 |
| ≥30 | 0.25 (0.11–0.56) | <0.001 | 0.31 (0.13–0.71) | 0.006 | 0.99 (0.47–2.11) | 0.979 | 1.12 (0.50–2.51) | 0.787 | 0.48 (0.28–0.80) | 0.006 | 0.56 (0.32–0.98) | 0.043 |
| Medical insurance type | ||||||||||||
| UBMI | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| NRCMI | 1.14 (0.99–1.33) | 0.076 | 0.97 (0.80–1.17) | 0.731 | 1.37 (1.07–1.75) | 0.012 | 1.06 (0.77–1.44) | 0.786 | 1.20 (1.06–1.37) | 0.004 | 0.99 (0.84–1.16) | 0.829 |
| Commercial insurance | 0.29 (0.17–0.50) | <0.001 | 0.65 (0.37–1.16) | 0.139 | 0.32 (0.12–0.84) | 0.022 | 0.77 (0.28–2.17) | 0.655 | 0.29 (0.18–0.47) | <0.001 | 0.69 (0.42–1.14) | 0.144 |
| Social medicine | 2.04 (1.29–3.21) | 0.002 | 1.34 (0.84–2.14) | 0.232 | 2.66 (0.97–7.31) | 0.058 | 1.64 (0.57–4.69) | 0.379 | 2.14 (1.41–3.24) | <0.001 | 1.38 (0.90–2.12) | 0.142 |
| Self pay | 0.98 (0.84–1.14) | 0.759 | 0.86 (0.73–1.02) | 0.081 | 0.96 (0.74–1.24) | 0.750 | 0.78 (0.59–1.04) | 0.080 | 0.97 (0.85–1.11) | 0.651 | 0.83 (0.72–0.96) | 0.012 |
| Others | 0.31 (0.13–0.76) | 0.010 | 0.36 (0.14–0.92) | 0.032 | 0.34 (0.09–1.19) | 0.091 | 0.54 (0.14–2.04) | 0.377 | 0.32 (0.15–0.66) | 0.002 | 0.40 (0.19–0.86) | 0.018 |
| Smoking | ||||||||||||
| Never smoker | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Ex‐smoker | 0.76 (0.64–0.90) | 0.002 | 1.05 (0.87–1.27) | 0.678 | 0.65 (0.31–1.37) | 0.257 | 1.21 (0.53–2.74) | 0.650 | 0.85 (0.73–0.98) | 0.029 | 1.13 (0.96–1.32) | 0.145 |
| Current smoker | 0.65 (0.56–0.74) | <0.001 | 0.69 (0.60–0.80) | <0.001 | 0.37 (0.21–0.65) | <0.001 | 0.83(0.45–1.52) | 0.544 | 0.72 (0.65–0.80) | <0.001 | 0.74 (0.66–0.82) | <0.001 |
| Drinking | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||||
| No | 1.00 (0.89–1.12) | 0.969 | 1.49 (0.85–2.59) | 0.164 | 1.03 (0.93–1.14) | 0.586 | ||||||
| History of respiratory diseases | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||
| No | 1.18 (0.95–1.46) | 0.138 | 2.70 (1.58–4.61) | <0.001 | 2.50 (1.39–4.48) | 0.002 | 1.35 (1.11–1.64) | 0.003 | 1.40 (1.14–1.73) | 0.002 | ||
| Educational level | ||||||||||||
| illiterate | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Primary school | 0.95 (0.76–1.18) | 0.624 | 0.72 (0.57–0.91) | 0.006 | 0.78 (0.57–1.08) | 0.136 | 0.62 (0.44–0.88) | 0.006 | 0.87 (0.73–1.05) | 0.143 | 0.69 (0.57–0.84) | <0.001 |
| Middle school | 0.97 (0.78–1.20) | 0.776 | 0.70 (0.55–0.89) | 0.003 | 0.75 (0.53–1.05) | 0.089 | 0.59 (0.40–0.85) | 0.004 | 0.88 (0.73–1.05) | 0.144 | 0.68 (0.56–0.82) | <0.001 |
| High school | 0.82 (0.64–1.04) | 0.098 | 0.56 (0.43–0.73) | <0.001 | 0.87 (0.58–1.30) | 0.483 | 0.74 (0.47–1.16) | 0.166 | 0.78 (0.64–0.96) | 0.018 | 0.59 (0.47–0.74) | <0.001 |
| College degree or above | 0.99 (0.75–1.31) | 0.951 | 0.58 (0.42–0.79) | <0.001 | 0.91 (0.57–1.45) | 0.684 | 0.63 (0.37–1.07) | 0.064 | 0.93 (0.74–1.18) | 0.555 | 0.60 (0.46–0.79) | <0.001 |
| Occupational level | ||||||||||||
| Farmer | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Nonfarmer | 0.92 (0.82–1.03) | 0.156 | 0.97 (0.83–1.14) | 0.716 | 0.75 (0.62–0.92) | 0.005 | 0.84 (0.65–1.09) | 0.201 | 0.87 (0.78–0.96) | 0.006 | 0.94 (0.82–1.07) | 0.362 |
| Area SES tertile | ||||||||||||
| 1 (lowest) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| 2 | 1.30 (1.13–1.49) | <0.001 | 1.53 (1.32–1.78) | <0.001 | 1.18 (0.93–1.49) | 0.180 | 1.67 (1.28–2.20) | <0.001 | 1.26 (1.12–1.42) | <0.001 | 1.57 (1.38–1.79) | <0.001 |
| 3 (highest) | 0.35 (0.30–0.40) | <0.001 | 0.37 (0.32–0.44) | <0.001 | 0.29 (0.23–0.36) | <0.001 | 0.39 (0.30–0.50) | <0.001 | 0.33 (0.29–0.37) | <0.001 | 0.37 (0.33–0.42) | <0.001 |
OR, odd ratio; CI, confidence interval.
a
Result of univariate methods before multiple logistic regression analysis.
b
Adjusted for age, BMI, medical insurance type, smoking, educational level, occupational level, and area‐level SES of men in binary logistic regression model.
c
Adjusted for age, BMI, medical insurance type, smoking, history of respiratory diseases, educational level, occupational level, and area‐level SES of women in binary logistic regression model.
d
Adjusted for age, BMI, medical insurance type, smoking, history of respiratory diseases, educational level, occupational level, and area‐level SES of the whole population in binary logistic regression model.