Table 5.
Associations between NSAIDs use and prostate cancer risk according to Gleason score
| Low‐ or intermediate‐grade prostate cancer Gleason score ≤7 (3 + 4) | High‐grade prostate cancer Gleason score ≥7 (4 + 3) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controls n = 879 (%) | Cases n = 623 (%) | OR (95% CI)a | Cases n = 183 (%) | OR (95% CI)a | |
| All‐NSAIDs | |||||
| Nonuser | 593 (67) | 446 (72) | 1.00 | 140 (77) | 1.00 |
| Ever‐user | 272 (31) | 175 (28) | 0.82 (0.64–1.06) | 42 (23) | 0.62 (0.41–0.95) |
| Preferential anti‐COX‐1 | 186 (21) | 126 (20) | 0.88 (0.66–1.18) | 33 (18) | 0.77 (0.49–1.21) |
| Preferential anti‐COX‐2 | 57 (6) | 25 (4) | 0.48 (0.28–0.84) | 5 (3) | 0.33 (0.11–0.94) |
| Aspirin | 166 (19) | 113 (18) | 0.89 (0.66–1.21) | 29 (16) | 0.77 (0.48–1.24) |
| NA‐NSAIDs | 143 (16) | 86 (14) | 0.78 (0.56–1.09) | 18 (10) | 0.49 (0.27–0.89) |
Adjusted for age, family history of cancer at first degree, race, educational level, history of prostatitis, WHR.