Table 6.
Unadjusted and covariate adjusted risk of elevated HFABP.
| Unadjusted risk | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Subgroup | Study | Risk associated with ‘higher’ HFABP levels in patients with normal troponin levels | |
| Normal troponin levels | Viswanathan, 2010 | Death or MI HR (95% CI) according to HFABP level HFABP 0.15-3.26 µg/l HR 1 HFABP 3.27-6.48 µg/l HR 3.46 (1.69 – 7.10) p = 0.001 HFABP 6.49-12.77 µg/l HR 11.20 (4.95-25.36) p <0.001. HFABP 12.78-151.0 µg/l HR 16.64 (2.21-125.51) p = 0.006. HFABP >5.3 ♀ and >5.8 ♂ HR 6.57 (3.05 – 14.11) p 0.0001 Subgroup analysis of 384 patients with additional admission sample taken for HFABP HR 5.08 (1.84 – 14.07) p = 0.002 |
|
| Normal troponin levels | Kilcullen, 2007 | HFABP < 6.38µg/l HR 1. HFABP 6.38-12.39µg/l HR 6.50 (1.53 – 27.71) p = 0.011 HFABP 12.39 – 36.2µg/l HR 5.79 (1.08 – 31.12) p = 0.041 HFABP > 36.2µg/l HR unable to calculate, as no deaths. |
|
| Covariate adjusted risk | |||
| Subgroup | Study | Covariates included | Risk |
| Normal troponin levels | Viswanathan, 2010 | Age, DM, HTN, HF, previous MI, HR, ST depression, Creatinine, troponin. | HFABP >5.8µg/l adjusted HR (for GRACE Risk Factors and Hs CRP and tnI as continuous variable) aHR 11.35 (2 – 64.34, p = 0.006). Death and MI Adjust HR (age and creatinine): HFABP 0.15 – 3.26 µg/l HR 1, p = 0.01. HFABP 3.27 – 6.48 µg/l HR 1.55 (0.72 – 3.36) p = 0.26 HFABP 6.49 – 12.77 µg/l HR 3.12 (1.11 – 8.76) p = 0.03. HFABP 12.78 – 151.0 µg/l HR 16.67 (2.19 – 127.06) p = 0.007. |
| Normal troponin levels | Kilcullen, 2007 | GRACE risk factors, HS CRP and TnI as additional continuous variable | All-cause mortality HR if HFABP > 5.8 µg/L HR 11.35 (2 – 64.34). |
| STEMI | Kilcullen, 2007 | GRACE risk factors, HS CRP and TnI as additional continuous variable | no deaths in the group with HFABP levels ≤5.8 µg/l. 77 deaths in STEMI subgroup, all HFABP levels >5.8 µg/l. HR assessment not possible |
| STEMI | Ishii | Age, gender, time from onset chest pain, increased cTnT, creatinine, Kilip class >1, anterior AMI, previous history of MI. | Cardiac death or MI if HFABP >9.8 µg/L RR 11.3, 1.41 – 90.6, p=0.02 |
| NSTEMI | Kilcullen, 2007 | GRACE risk factors, HS CRP and TnI as additional continuous variable | All cause mortality aHR 3.11 (1.45 – 6.7) p = 0.004. |
| NSTEMI | Ishii, 2005 | For both UA and NSTEMI patients HFABP >9.8µg/L – aRR 8.31 (1.76 – 39.1) p = 0.007 |
|
MI = Myocardial infarction.