Table 2.
TGF beta family of ligands, identified receptors and inhibitors.
| TGF Beta Superfamily Ligand | Type II Receptor | Type I Receptor | R-SMADs | coSMAD | Ligand Inhibitors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Activin A | ACVR2A | ACVR1B (ALK4) | SMAD2, SMAD3 | SMAD4 | Follistatin |
| GDF1 | ACVR2A | ACVR1B (ALK4) | SMAD2, SMAD3 | SMAD4 | |
| GDF11 | ACVR2B | ACVR1B (ALK4), TGFβRI (ALK5) |
SMAD2, SMAD3 | SMAD4 | |
| Bone morphogenetic proteins | BMPR2 | BMPR1A (ALK3), BMPR1B (ALK6) |
SMAD1 SMAD5, SMAD8 |
SMAD4 | Noggin, Chordin, DAN |
| Nodal | ACVR2B | ACVR1B (ALK4), ACVR1C (ALK7) |
SMAD2, SMAD3 | SMAD4 | Lefty |
| TGFβs | TGFβRII | TGFβRI (ALK5) | SMAD2, SMAD3 | SMAD4 | LTBP1, THBS, Decorin |