Table 2.
Clinical data of PDD patients subdivided by echogenicity of SN
| Items | SN+ subgroup (n = 38) | SN− subgroup (n = 8) | Statistics | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 68.9 ± 10.5 | 68.5 ± 6.8 | 0.115* | 0.909 |
| Male | 26 (68.4) | 4 (50.0) | –† | 0.421 |
| Duration (years) | 6.9 ± 2.5 | 5.8 ± 2.7 | 1.181* | 0.244 |
| Dominant motor symptom | –† | 0.006 | ||
| Tremor dominant | 6 (15.8) | 6 (75.0) | ||
| Akinetic rigid | 26 (68.4) | 2 (25.0) | ||
| Mixed type | 6 (68.4) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| UPDRS-III score | 24.6 ± 9.4 | 20.4 ± 4.1 | −1.366‡ | 0.181 |
| H-Y stage | 2.5 (2.0, 2.5) | 1.5 (1.1, 2.3) | −2.918‡ | 0.004 |
| NMSQ score | 9.2 ± 3.8 | 5.6 ± 4.1 | 2.375* | 0.022 |
| MMSE score | 22.7 ± 2.5 | 23.8 ± 0.9 | −0.772‡ | 0.467 |
| MoCA score | 18.2 ± 3.9 | 17.3 ± 4.6 | 0.576* | 0.568 |
| Width of TV (mm) | 7.2 ± 2.0 | 6.6 ± 1.6 | 0.759* | 0.452 |
The data are given as mean ± SD, median (Q1, Q3), or n (%). *t-test; †Fisher's exact test; ‡Mann-Whitney U-test. SN: Substantia nigra; SN+: Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity; SN−: Normal substantia nigra echogenicity; TV: Third ventricle; UPDRS-III: Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III, motor part; H-Y stage: Hoehn and Yahr stage; NMSQ: Nonmotor Symptoms Questionnaire; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment; PDD: Parkinson's disease dementia; SD: Standard deviation; –: Not available.