Table 1.
Sample Characteristics, WMHV and SBI
| Characteristics | n (%) | WMHV (1/TIV%) | SBI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | P Valuea | % | P Valueb | ||
| All | 1287 (100) | 0.36 (0.21–0.77) | 16 | ||
| Age (mean 70.6±9 y) | |||||
| <70 | 619 (48) | 0.25 (0.17–0.43) | Ref. | 10 | Ref. |
| ≥70 | 668 (52) | 0.56 (0.30–1.15) | <0.001 | 21 | <0.001 |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 779 (60) | 0.38 (0.22–0.78) | Ref. | 13 | Ref. |
| Male | 508 (40) | 0.34 (0.19–0.72) | 0.363 | 19 | 0.002 |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| NH‐white | 191 (15) | 0.38 (0.20–0.64) | Ref. | 17 | Ref. |
| NH‐black | 222 (17) | 0.54 (0.26–1.19) | <0.001 | 22 | 0.214 |
| Hispanic | 845 (66) | 0.33 (0.20–0.69) | <0.001 | 13 | 0.971 |
| NH‐other | 29 (2) | 0.41 (0.22–0.79) | 0.038 | 26 | 0.078 |
| High school completion | |||||
| No | 697 (54) | 0.37 (0.22–0.75) | Ref. | 14 | Ref. |
| Yes | 590 (46) | 0.36 (0.20–0.80) | 0.976 | 17 | 0.230 |
| Medicaid/uninsured | |||||
| No | 675 (52) | 0.36 (0.21–0.76) | Ref. | 16 | Ref. |
| Yes | 612 (48) | 0.37 (0.21–0.77) | <0.001 | 15 | 0.566 |
| Body mass index | |||||
| <25 | 315 (25) | 0.44 (0.22–0.95) | Ref. | 20 | Ref. |
| 25 to <30 | 534 (41) | 0.35 (0.21–0.77) | 0.617 | 14 | 0.487 |
| ≥30 | 438 (34) | 0.34 (0.19–0.66) | 0.342 | 15 | 0.177 |
| Smoking | |||||
| Never | 609 (47) | 0.36 (0.22–0.74) | Ref. | 14 | Ref. |
| Former | 559 (43) | 0.34 (0.20–0.73) | 0.311 | 16 | 0.319 |
| Current | 119 (9) | 0.54 (0.24–1.04) | <0.001 | 20 | 0.045 |
| Physical activity | |||||
| No | 565 (44) | 0.35 (0.20–0.70) | Ref. | 16 | Ref. |
| Yes | 722 (56) | 0.38 (0.22–0.80) | 0.972 | 15 | 0.401 |
| Moderate alcohol drinking | |||||
| No | 856 (67) | 0.39 (0.23–0.82) | Ref. | 16 | Ref. |
| Yes | 431 (33) | 0.31 (0.18–0.60) | 0.004 | 16 | 0.277 |
| Hypertension | |||||
| No | 353 (27) | 0.28 (0.17–0.50) | Ref. | 9 | Ref. |
| Yes | 934 (73) | 0.41 (0.23–0.83) | <0.001 | 18 | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus | |||||
| No | 996 (77) | 0.34 (0.20–0.72) | Ref. | 15 | Ref. |
| Yes | 291 (23) | 0.42 (0.24–0.86) | 0.019 | 19 | 0.061 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | |||||
| No | 783 (61) | 0.35 (0.21–0.82) | Ref. | 15 | Ref. |
| Yes | 504 (39) | 0.38 (0.22–0.69) | 0.184 | 17 | 0.254 |
| History of MI/AF/CAD | |||||
| No | 1084 (84) | 0.35 (0.20–0.74) | Ref. | 15 | Ref. |
| Yes | 203 (16) | 0.43 (0.25–0.93) | 0.316 | 18 | 0.706 |
AF indicates atrial fibrillation; CAD, coronary artery disease; IQR, interquartile range; MI, myocardial infarction; NH, non‐Hispanic; Ref. reference; SBI indicates subclinical brain infarction; TIV, total intracranial volume; WMHV, white matter hyperintensity volume.
a
WMHV was natural log transformed and comparisons were based on general linear models adjusted for age.
b
% SBI was compared using logistic regression adjusted for age.