Table 2.
In‐Hospital Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Surgical AVR Between 2003 and 2014 (Including Combined Procedures)
| All Patients (n=166 809) | Male (n=105 106) | Female (n=61 703) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical outcome, n (%) | ||||
| In‐hospital death | 7591 (4.6) | 4165 (4) | 3426 (5.6) | <0.0001 |
| Procedural death | 947 (0.6) | 493 (0.5) | 454 (0.7) | <0.0001 |
| Vascular complications | 9392 (5.6) | 5815 (5.5) | 3577 (5.8) | 0.024 |
| Vascular complications requiring surgery | 6810 (4.1) | 4344 (4.1) | 2466 (4) | 0.174 |
| Permanent pacemaker implantation | 11 453 (6.9) | 6980 (6.6) | 4473 (7.2) | <0.0001 |
| Transient ischemic attack | 570 (0.3) | 345 (0.3) | 225 (0.4) | 0.219 |
| Clinical stroke | 4634 (2.8) | 2866 (2.7) | 1768 (2.9) | 0.096 |
| Acute kidney injury | 26 264 (15.7) | 17 432 (16.6) | 8832 (14.3) | <0.0001 |
| Acute kidney injury requiring dialysis | 2934 (1.8) | 1811 (1.7) | 1123 (1.8) | 0.146 |
| Blood transfusion | 62 473 (37.5) | 37 254 (35.4) | 25 219 (40.9) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiac tamponade | 1512 (0.9) | 985 (0.9) | 527 (0.9) | 0.084 |
| Discharge status, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Discharged home | 114 714 (68.8) | 77 727 (74) | 36 987 (59.9) | |
| Discharged SNF/NH/IC | 44 134 (26.5) | 22 996 (21.9) | 21 138 (34.3) | |
| Length of stay, d, median (IQR) | 8 (7) | 8 (7) | 8 (8) | <0.0001 |
| Cost of hospitalization, $, mean (SD) | 56 260 (41 280) | 55 834 (40 937) | 56 985 (41 849) | <0.0001 |
AVR indicates aortic valve replacement; IC, intermediate care; IQR, interquartile range; NH, nursing home; SNF, skilled nursing facility.