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. 2017 Sep 19;6(9):e006510. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.006510

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© 2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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A through F, Comparison of fibrosis area (%) of border zone among the 6 groups (A, Control group, n=8; B, Vag group, n=8; C, ICM group, n=8; D, ICM+Vag group, n=8; E, ICM+Nic group, n=8; F, ICM+N+V group, n=8; upper magnification ×200; lower magnification ×400). G, The ICM group showed an evident increase of fibrosis in border zone compared with the Control group. Vagotomy operation aggravated the abnormality of ICM rats. The collagen synthesis/release was significantly reduced in ICM rats with nicotine treatment. Vagotomy also weakened the effect of nicotine on ICM rats. Data are expressed as means±SD. ICM indicates ischemic cardiomyopathy; Nic, nicotine; Vag, vagotomy. *P<0.05 vs Control group. ^# P<0.05 vs ICM group. ^† P<0.05 vs ICM group. ^‡ P<0.05 vs ICM+Nic group.