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. 2017 Sep 19;6(9):e006510. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.006510

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© 2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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A through F, Representative immunofluorescence images of Cx43 from rat left ventricles (A, Control group, n=8; B, Vag group, n=8; C, ICM group, n=8; D, ICM+Vag group, n=8; E, ICM+Nic group, n=8; F, ICM+N+V group, n=8; magnification ×200). The positive immunoreactive signals (green) were accumulated in intercellular positions. The ICM group had a significant decrease of Cx43 when compared with the Control group, and the Cx43 distribution tended to be higher in the ICM+Nic group than in the ICM group. Vagotomy treatment attenuated the effect of nicotine on the ICM group slightly. G, Same changes as shown in Western‐blotting result (n=6 for each group). Cx43 indicates connexion 43; ICM, ischemic cardiomyopathy; Nic, nicotine; Vag, vagotomy.