Table 4.
Regression Results Showing Patient Factors Associated With 90‐D (Early) Retrieval and 1‐Year Retrieval
| 90‐D Retrieval | 1‐Y Retrieval | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | |||
| Age group (y) | ||||||
| 18 to 34 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| 35 to 44 | 0.97 | 0.94 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.97 |
| 45 to 54 | 0.95 | 0.92 | 0.98 | 0.79 | 0.72 | 0.86 |
| 55 to 64 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.93 | 0.62 | 0.57 | 0.68 |
| 65 to 74 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.89 | 0.41 | 0.37 | 0.45 |
| 75 and older | 0.82 | 0.80 | 0.84 | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.19 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Female | 1.01 | 1.01 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 0.99 | 1.09 |
| Region | ||||||
| Northeast | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| North Central | 1.03 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 1.29 | 1.20 | 1.38 |
| South | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.89 | 0.83 | 0.95 |
| West | 1.10 | 1.09 | 1.12 | 1.89 | 1.76 | 2.04 |
| Unknown | 1.01 | 0.98 | 1.04 | 1.24 | 1.05 | 1.46 |
| Residence | ||||||
| Rural | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Urban | 1.01 | 1.00 | 1.02 | 1.13 | 1.06 | 1.21 |
| Index VTE | ||||||
| DVT only | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| No VTE | 1.05 | 1.03 | 1.06 | 1.24 | 1.17 | 1.32 |
| PE | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.93 | 1.04 |
| Concurrent conditions during hospitalization | ||||||
| Bleed | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.02 | 1.10 | 0.93 | 1.29 |
| Unstable condition | 0.98 | 0.96 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 0.60 | 1.06 |
| Sepsis | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.01 | 0.92 | 0.76 | 1.12 |
| Infection | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 0.84 | 0.76 | 0.91 |
| Anemia | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.91 | 0.84 | 0.98 |
| Trauma | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.92 | 1.09 |
| Thrombolytic therapy | 1.06 | 1.02 | 1.09 | 1.29 | 1.11 | 1.49 |
| Embolectomy procedure | 1.00 | 0.96 | 1.04 | 0.89 | 0.68 | 1.17 |
| Major surgery | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 0.92 | 0.87 | 0.97 |
| Pregnant | 1.05 | 0.99 | 1.11 | 1.36 | 1.15 | 1.60 |
| Comorbid conditions during pre‐index look back | ||||||
| CCI score (per 1 unit) | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.01 | 0.97 | 0.90 | 1.05 |
| History of VTE | 1.03 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 1.17 | 1.08 | 1.26 |
| History of bleeding | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 0.77 | 0.67 | 0.87 |
| Myocardial infarction | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.82 | 0.71 | 0.96 |
| Heart failure | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 0.67 | 0.60 | 0.74 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.85 | 0.77 | 0.94 |
| Dementia | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.98 | 0.31 | 0.22 | 0.43 |
| COPD | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 0.83 | 0.94 |
| Rheumatism | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.01 | 0.96 | 0.84 | 1.08 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 1.02 | 1.00 | 1.04 | 1.16 | 0.95 | 1.41 |
| Mild liver disease | 1.00 | 0.98 | 1.01 | 1.00 | 0.91 | 1.11 |
| Severe liver disease | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.86 | 0.81 | 0.92 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.96 | 0.85 | 1.09 |
| Diabetes mellitus w/complications | 0.98 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 0.76 | 0.65 | 0.89 |
| Paralysis | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.99 | 0.81 | 0.73 | 0.90 |
| Renal disease | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.87 | 1.00 |
| Cancer | 0.91 | 0.89 | 0.94 | 0.28 | 0.17 | 0.46 |
| Metastatic cancer | 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.93 | 0.43 | 0.38 | 0.49 |
| Stroke | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.80 | 0.73 | 0.88 |
| Hypertension | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.95 | 0.90 | 0.99 |
| Coronary heart disease | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.87 | 0.80 | 0.94 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.03 | 1.23 | 1.17 | 1.30 |
| Insurance details | ||||||
| Assigned care provider | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.02 | 1.03 | 0.94 | 1.12 |
| Capitated payment | 0.99 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 0.84 | 0.75 | 0.94 |
| Year VCF placed | ||||||
| 2010 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| 2011 | 1.01 | 1.00 | 1.02 | 1.19 | 1.11 | 1.28 |
| 2012 | 1.03 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 1.41 | 1.32 | 1.52 |
| 2013 | 1.04 | 1.03 | 1.05 | 1.63 | 1.51 | 1.75 |
| 2014 | 1.05 | 1.04 | 1.07 | 1.90 | 1.76 | 2.06 |
C‐index for models: 90‐d retrieval (0.695), 1‐y retrieval (0.720). CCI indicates Charlson Comorbidity Index; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; HR, hazard ratio; PE, pulmonary embolism; VTE, venous thromboembolism.