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. 2017 Oct 9;7:12838. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12811-8

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Conventional RSDS produces social avoidance in a small fraction of female mice. (A) Experimental schematics of conventional RSDS applied to female C57BL/6J mice. (B) Social interaction (SI) testing apparatus depicting the interaction zone (pink) and corner zone (blue) (top). Representative traces of the exploratory behavior of control and susceptible female mice in the presence and absence of a novel male mouse (bottom). (C) Distribution of SI ratio in control and defeated females. Defeated females that showed social avoidance (SI ratio <1) were categorized as susceptible, and females that showed social preference (SI ratio ≥1) were categorized as resilient. (D) Time spent in the interaction zone and corner zone and (E) locomotor activity when the social target was present in the arena. C: control, S: susceptible, R: resilient. Data represent mean ± SEM. Number of animals is indicated in parentheses. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 in Tukey’s post hoc test after One-way ANOVA.