Fig. 5.

Factors associated with diarrheal disease in rural areas with high and low upstream human activity, including age and upstream tree cover dummy variables. Variables reducing the probability of DD have odds ratios lower than 1 to the left of the red vertical line. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (horizontal lines) show a statistically significant (confidence intervals do not cross the vertical line) negative association between upstream tree cover and the probability of DD for both areas of high and low upstream human activity, suggesting multiple mechanisms for the effect of tree cover. See Supplementary Table 3 for model coefficients