Table 1.
Baseline characteristics. Mean +/− standard deviation (for continuous data) or frequency (for proportional data) in each treatment group, (n), according to baseline urine albumin/creatinine ratio (<= or > the median value (22.5 mg/g)). In the low baseline uACR stratum, the medical therapy group had more prevalent diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, and prior MI, but lower total cholesterol, higher HDL, less prior heart failure, and less global ischemia. Patients without baseline uACR not included in the analyses are presented in the last two columns for comparison; their baseline characteristics are comparable to those without missing baseline uACR and also comparable between treatment groups, except that those with missing data in the medical therapy group had higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, prior MI, prior heart failure, and more global stenosis. Their exclusion from the analyses therefore shows no evidence of biasing the analyses done for those with baseline uACR in favor of stent placement. “Global” ischemia = bilateral renal artery stenosis or unilateral stenosis in a uninephric patient.
| Measure | Cohort 1 (uACR <= 22.5 mg/g) | Cohort 2 (uACR > 22.5 mg/g) | uACR Not Available | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stent (N=199) | Medical Therapy (N=214) | Stent (N=209) | Medical Therapy (N=204) | Stent (N=51) | Medical Therapy (N=54) | |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| Mean±SD (N) | 68.72±9.13 (199) | 68.22±9.48 (214) | 70.11±9.02 (209) | 70.40±8.11 (204) | 68.35±11.33 (51) | 66.81±9.21 (54) |
| Range (Min,Max) | (35.00,88.00) | (37.00,89.00) | (38.00,88.00) | (46.00,87.00) | (37.00,88.00) | (45.00,87.00) |
| Median (IQ Range) | 70.00 (62.00 – 75.00) | 69.00 (62.00 – 75.00) | 71.00 (65.00 – 77.00) | 71.00 (65.00 – 77.00) | 71.00 (61.00 – 76.00) | 66.00 (60.00 – 75.00) |
| Gender: Male | 51.8% (103/199) | 51.9% (111/214) | 51.7% (108/209) | 45.6% (93/204) | 45.1% (23/51) | 50.0% (27/54) |
| Race | ||||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0.0% (0/199) | 0.0% (0/214) | 0.5% (1/209) | 0.5% (1/204) | 0.0% (0/51) | 0.0% (0/54) |
| Asian | 0.5% (1/199) | 3.3% (7/214) | 1.4% (3/209) | 0.0% (0/204) | 2.0% (1/51) | 0.0% (0/54) |
| Black or African-American | 6.0% (12/199) | 5.6% (12/214) | 7.7% (16/209) | 8.3% (17/204) | 7.8% (4/51) | 7.4% (4/54) |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0.5% (1/199) | 0.0% (0/214) | 0.0% (0/209) | 0.0% (0/204) | 0.0% (0/51) | 3.7% (2/54) |
| White | 93.0% (185/199) | 91.1% (195/214) | 90.4% (189/209) | 91.2% (186/204) | 90.2% (46/51) | 88.9% (48/54) |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | ||||||
| Mean±SD (N) | 145.20±21.92 (199) | 145.03±21.66 (210) | 154.93±23.34 (209) | 157.29±23.55 (203) | 147.11±23.40 (49) | 145.25±19.03 (54) |
| Range (Min,Max) | (98.00,207.00) | (105.33,218.67) | (90.00,227.33) | (93.33,219.33) | (109.00,217.33) | (99.33,200.00) |
| Median (IQ Range) | 144.00 (128.67 – 160.67) | 143.17 (129.33 – 157.67) | 154.67 (138.67 – 169.67) | 155.33 (140.00 – 171.33) | 150.00 (126.00 – 161.00) | 146.00 (130.67 – 153.33) |
| Total Cholesterol | ||||||
| Mean±SD (N) | 164.65±42.93 (199) | 162.79±41.34 (213) | 163.63±41.65 (208) | 162.09±44.18 (202) | 163.04±55.21 (27) | 158.54±30.19 (35) |
| Range (Min,Max) | (74.00,366.00) | (86.00,302.00) | (77.00,298.00) | (78.00,406.00) | (100.00,326.00) | (100.00,233.00) |
| Median (IQ Range) | 158.00 (135.00 – 184.00) | 155.00 (132.00 – 182.00) | 158.50 (135.50 – 189.00) | 155.00 (131.00 – 183.00) | 160.00 (123.00 – 200.00) | 156.00 (142.00 – 176.00) |
| HDL | ||||||
| Mean±SD (N) | 43.38±13.45 (197) | 45.67±14.01 (214) | 42.93±14.39 (208) | 42.66±12.64 (202) | 40.81±12.03 (27) | 42.80±13.24 (35) |
| Range (Min,Max) | (19.00,93.00) | (19.00,99.00) | (15.00,94.00) | (10.00,89.00) | (22.00,72.00) | (24.00,76.00) |
| Median (IQ Range) | 42.00 (33.00 – 49.00) | 44.00 (36.00 – 54.00) | 40.00 (33.00 – 49.00) | 41.00 (34.00 – 50.00) | 39.00 (31.00 – 46.00) | 39.00 (33.00 – 50.00) |
| Statin usage | 83.9% (167/199) | 89.3% (191/214) | 83.7% (175/209) | 85.3% (174/204) | 78.4% (40/51) | 83.3% (45/54) |
| BMI | ||||||
| Mean±SD (N) | 28.14±4.80 (199) | 28.21±6.04 (212) | 28.22±5.36 (209) | 29.10±5.51 (202) | 28.61±6.61 (50) | 28.75±4.93 (54) |
| Range (Min,Max) | (15.34,46.45) | (16.14,61.90) | (17.73,52.73) | (16.56,46.62) | (18.80,48.59) | (18.04,45.72) |
| Median (IQ Range) | 27.53 (25.08 – 31.36) | 27.21 (24.80 – 30.57) | 27.25 (24.42 – 31.64) | 28.71 (25.59 – 32.58) | 27.71 (24.55 – 30.66) | 28.25 (25.53 – 31.07) |
| Diabetes | 25.6% (51/199) | 27.1% (58/214) | 41.3% (86/208) | 43.1% (88/204) | 22.0% (11/50) | 29.6% (16/54) |
| Cigarette Smoking in the past year | 28.4% (56/197) | 37.4% (80/214) | 27.1% (56/207) | 25.7% (52/202) | 30.0% (15/50) | 35.8% (19/53) |
| Prior MI | 25.4% (50/197) | 30.5% (65/213) | 28.2% (58/206) | 29.1% (58/199) | 24.0% (12/50) | 32.7% (17/52) |
| Prior heart failure | 10.1% (20/199) | 8.9% (19/213) | 14.4% (30/209) | 19.6% (40/204) | 10.0% (5/50) | 22.6% (12/53) |
| Albumin Creatinine ratio | ||||||
| Mean±SD (N) | 10.65±5.23 (199) | 10.34±5.40 (214) | 454.42±1052.67 (209) | 369.66±842.40 (204) | N/A | N/A |
| Range (Min,Max) | (1.47,22.22) | (2.21,22.31) | (22.92,7812.50) | (22.68,5671.43) | ||
| Median (IQ Range) | 9.68 (6.45 – 14.81) | 8.92 (5.66 – 14.52) | 92.48 (43.15 – 282.95) | 75.60 (35.73 – 213.12) | ||
| Core lab percent stenosis | ||||||
| Mean±SD (N) | 68.52±11.65 (186) | 67.69±12.52 (130) | 69.47±11.31 (200) | 68.60±11.09 (138) | 69.14±10.13 (47) | 66.79±12.31 (36) |
| Range (Min,Max) | (20.80,95.41) | (38.05,92.00) | (34.33,100.00) | (41.30,100.00) | (46.26,91.21) | (42.90,90.45) |
| Median (IQ Range) | 68.32 (59.89 – 76.55) | 67.50 (57.23 – 77.90) | 68.92 (61.09 – 78.14) | 67.37 (60.38 – 76.31) | 68.92 (60.46 – 74.77) | 67.05 (57.86 – 77.67) |
| Global Ischemia | 22.5% (43/191) | 14.1% (19/135) | 18.5% (38/205) | 16.9% (24/142) | 16.3% (8/49) | 21.1% (8/38) |
| eGFR | ||||||
| Mean±SD (N) | 61.15±22.16 (199) | 62.18±20.89 (214) | 55.27±23.94 (208) | 52.10±21.50 (202) | 56.50±26.02 (29) | 59.04±20.94 (38) |
| Range (Min,Max) | (18.09,132.60) | (20.81,129.91) | (15.97,133.59) | (15.15,129.83) | (25.59,148.74) | (21.59,120.94) |
| Median (IQ Range) | 60.00 (42.63 – 75.91) | 60.46 (45.67 – 75.68) | 49.81 (38.52 – 68.56) | 48.51 (34.85 – 65.33) | 53.13 (40.39 – 63.48) | 55.52 (46.23 – 71.41) |
Median of albumin/creatinine ratio among all available follow-up is 22.5.