Table 1. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of LRPE patients with long versus short LOS.
| Long LOS | Short LOS (≤48 hrs) Cohort |
95% Wald Confidence Limits | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (>48 hrs) Cohort | ||||||
| N = (1,230) | N = (688) | |||||
| N/ | %/SD | N/ | %/SD | |||
| Mean | Mean | |||||
| Age | ||||||
| Mean, SD | 60.7 | 11.1 | 58.4 | 11.2 | 1.28 | 3.37 |
| Median | 63 | 61 | ||||
| 18–45 | 117 | 9.5% | 100 | 14.5% | 0.51 | 0.84 |
| 46–64 | 608 | 49.4% | 346 | 50.3% | 0.90 | 1.08 |
| 65+ | 505 | 41.1% | 242 | 35.2% | 1.03 | 1.32 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1164 | 94.6% | 628 | 91.3% | 1.01 | 1.06 |
| Female | 66 | 5.4% | 60 | 8.7% | 0.44 | 0.86 |
| Race | ||||||
| White | 786 | 63.9% | 437 | 63.5% | 0.94 | 1.08 |
| Black | 319 | 25.9% | 187 | 27.2% | 0.82 | 1.11 |
| Unknown | 94 | 7.6% | 40 | 5.8% | 0.92 | 1.88 |
| Other | 31 | 2.5% | 24 | 3.5% | 0.43 | 1.22 |
| Body Mass Index | ||||||
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 31.6 | 10.3 | 31.23 | 6.6 | -0.49 | 1.21 |
| Baseline Comorbid Conditions | ||||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index Score | 1.1 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 0.16 | 0.42 |
| Myocardial Infarction | 67 | 5.5% | 33 | 4.8% | 0.76 | 1.70 |
| Congestive heart failure | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | ||
| Peripheral vascular disease | 74 | 6.0% | 40 | 5.8% | 0.71 | 1.50 |
| Dementia | 15 | 1.2% | 1 | 0.2% | 1.11 | 63.38 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 128 | 10.4% | 45 | 6.5% | 1.15 | 2.21 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 81 | 6.6% | 49 | 7.1% | 0.66 | 1.30 |
| Rheumatologic disease or connective tissue disease |
21 | 1.7% | 7 | 1.0% | 0.72 | 3.93 |
| Peptic Ulcer disease | 29 | 2.4% | 4 | 0.6% | 1.43 | 11.49 |
| Mild liver disease | 16 | 1.3% | 8 | 1.2% | 0.48 | 2.60 |
| Hemiplegia or paraplegia | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | ||
| Moderate or severe renal disease | 250 | 20.3% | 98 | 14.2% | 1.04 | 1.96 |
| Diabetes | 360 | 29.3% | 155 | 22.5% | 1.10 | 1.53 |
| Any tumor (Other Malignancy) | 18 | 1.5% | 4 | 0.6% | 0.55 | 11.62 |
| Moderate or severe liver disease | 24 | 2.0% | 6 | 0.9% | 0.48 | 10.51 |
| Metastatic solid tumor | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | ||
| Diabetes + complications | 178 | 14.5% | 64 | 9.3% | 1.05 | 2.30 |
| AIDS | 90 | 7.3% | 42 | 6.1% | 0.49 | 2.93 |
| Cardiac Dysrhythmia | 202 | 16.4% | 69 | 10.0% | 1.27 | 2.12 |
| LV dysfunction | 33 | 2.7% | 6 | 0.9% | 1.30 | 7.31 |
| Hospitalized DVT | 416 | 33.8% | 208 | 30.2% | 0.97 | 1.28 |
| Baseline Diagnostic Tests | ||||||
| CTA | 453 | 36.8% | 496 | 72.1% | 0.47 | 0.56 |
| ECHO | 24 | 2.0% | 13 | 1.9% | 0.53 | 2.01 |
| VQ Scan | 23 | 1.9% | 18 | 2.6% | 0.39 | 1.32 |
| Venous Doppler Ultrasound | 210 | 17.1% | 172 | 25.0% | 0.57 | 0.82 |
| Clinical Marker during Index Hospitalization | ||||||
| # Patients with Troponin I, N | 469 | 38.1% | 207 | 30.1% | 1.11 | 1.45 |
| # Patients with Troponin T, N | 19 | 1.5% | 14 | 2.0% | 0.38 | 1.50 |
| # Patients with Natriuretic Peptide testing, N | 453 | 36.8% | 223 | 32.4% | 1.00 | 1.29 |
CTA: Computed Tomography Angiography; DVT: deep vein thrombosis; ECHO: echocardiogram; LOS: length of stay; LRPE: low-risk pulmonary embolism; LV: left ventricular SD: standard deviation; VQ: lung ventilation/perfusion