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Cephalic phase (Neurogenic signals arise in the appetite centers of hypothalamus). 1: The taste or smell of food, tactile sensations of food in the mouth, or even thoughts of food cause stimulation in appetite brain center, 2: parasympathetic action potentials are carried by the vagus nerves to the stomach (pink arrow), 3: stimulation of enteric stomach nerves by vagus nerve and gastrin secretion.52
