Table 4.
Association between quality of life and stress, social connectedness, and working management style*
| Do you feel stressed? | p-value t test | |||||
| WHOQoL-Bref, mean (sd) | No | Yes | ||||
| Overall QoL (20 missing) | 4.1 (0.7) | 3.6 (0.7) | <0.001 | |||
| Satisfaction with health (20 missing) | 4.3 (0.7) | 3.8 (0.9) | <0.001 | |||
| I Physical health (21 missing) | 71.2 (12.0) | 64.7 (11.4) | <0.001 | |||
| II Psychological health (21 missing) | 71.7 (12.1) | 64.7 (11.4) | <0.001 | |||
| III Social relationships (25 missing) | 67.4 (13.0) | 60.9 (14.7) | 0.004 | |||
| IV Environment (22 missing) | 71.6 (14.0) | 61.6 (14.6) | <0.001 | |||
| Do you feel stressed? | p-value Chi-Square or t-test | |||||
| Friendship Scale, n (%) (24 missing) | No | Yes | ||||
| Very isolated/Isolated | 7 (25.0%) | 21 (75.0%) | 0.001a | |||
| Some isolation | 17 (37.8%) | 28 (62.2%) | ||||
| Socially connected/Very connected | 52 (61.2%) | 33 (38.8%) | ||||
| Mean score (sd) | 20.0 (6.5) | 17.6 (3.4) | <0.001 | |||
| Social connectedness | p-value ANOVA | |||||
| WHOQoL-Bref, mean (sd) | Very isolated | Isolated | Some isolation | Socially connected | Very connected | |
| Overall QoL (5 missing) | 3.6 (0.9) | 3.5 (0.8) | 3.7 (0.7) | 4.0 (0.6) | 4.1 (0.7) | 0.002 |
| Satisfaction with health (6 missing) | 3.6 (1.2) | 3.8 (0.7) | 4.0 (0.8) | 4.0 (0.8) | 4.2 (0.8) | 0.156 |
| I Physical health (8 missing) | 58.7 (11.0) | 64.9 (14.0) | 65.7 (11.6) | 68.3 (11.3) | 72.8 (11.0) | 0.005 |
| II Psychological health (7 missing) | 61.1 (10.8) | 61.5 (12.9) | 67.2 (9.1) | 68.6 (11.9) | 73.0 (13.7) | 0.002 |
| III Social relationships (16 missing) | 52.8 (18.6) | 58.3 (13.0) | 60.9 (15.3) | 63.3 (13.5) | 73.6 (10.6) | <0.001 |
| IV Environment (8 missing) | 53.8 (17.4) | 58.2 (16.9) | 62.5 (13.2) | 68.1 (13.0) | 75.4 (12.5) | <0.001 |
| Agreement between experienced and preferred working management style | p-value t test | |||||
| WHOQoL-Bref, mean (sd) | No | Yes | ||||
| Overall QoL (13 missing) | 3.7 (0.8) | 3.9 (0.7) | 0.026 | |||
| Satisfaction with health (13 missing) | 3.8 (0.9) | 4.1 (0.8) | 0.027 | |||
| I Physical health (13 missing) | 64.6 (12.9) | 69.6 (11.4) | 0.009 | |||
| II Psychological health (13 missing) | 65.0 (12.7) | 69.8 (11.5) | 0.014 | |||
| III Social relationships (18 missing) | 61.2 (15.7) | 65.0 (14.1) | 0.107 | |||
| IV Environment (14 missing) | 61.4 (16.9) | 69.1 (13.1) | 0.001 | |||
*Only significant associations are reported, p < 0.05
aThe categories ‘Very isolated’ and ‘Isolated’ were summed up due to low frequencies; the categories ‘Socially connected’ and ‘Very connected’ were summed up due to low frequencies
This table describes the association between quality of life and stress, social connectedness, and working management style