Table 2.

List of variables for multivariate analysis

Variables	Rationale	Values
Dependent variable
Extra benefit (yes/no) (raw kappac = 0.506a	Extra benefits offer possibilities for increasing understanding and action [48]	Present/absent (1/0)
Independent variables
Participation of non-academic partners (raw kappac = 0.590b	Co-construction type participation of at least one non-academic partner group (i.e., nurses, staff, physicians, patients, etc.) will yield more extra benefits [3]	Co-construction/consultation (1/0)
OPR initiation (researchers/organization) (raw kappa = 0.534b	OPR initiated by the organization members will yield more extra benefits	Organization/Academic or joint (1/0)
Number of non-academic groups (i.e., nurses, therapists, physicians, patients, etc.) who participate in the research	A greater number of participant groups will increase the potential for unanticipated advantages [3]	Number of groups (n)
Participation of management	Participation of management will yield more extra benefits	Present/absent (1/0)
Duration of the study	Longer studies will yield more extra benefits [3]. Research indicates many partnerships due not survive their first year if they do not manage to build productive working relationships [49, 50]	More than 1 year/1 year or less (1/0)
Date of publication	Studies published subsequent to the Waterman et al. [3] (2001) systematic review will exhibit more extra benefits	2005 or later/before 2005 (1/0)

^a p < 0.001

^b p < 0.0001

^cExtra benefit: rater 1 coded all studies as “yes” or “no”; rater 2 coded “yes”, “no”, or “unsure” (n = 3). When “unsure” are deleted, Kappa = 0.51, p < 0.001). When “unsure” are converted to “yes”, Kappa = 0.45. When “unsure” are converted to “no”, Kappa = 0.51

Participation: rater 1 coded “consultation” or “co-construction” whereas rater 2 coded “consultation”, “co-construction” or “unsure” (n = 4). When “unsure” are converted to “consultation”, Kappa = 0.601. When “unsure” are converted to “co-construction”, Kappa = 0.675