Table 3.
Outcomes at baseline (T1) and at 12 months post-intervention (T2)
| Intervention group n = 88a | Control group n = 83a | Group by time | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 Mean (SD) | Difference T2 − T1 (SD) | T1 Mean (SD) | Difference T2 − T1 (SD) | T | p | |
| Parent-reported outcomes | ||||||
| Self-determination (AIR) | ||||||
| Total | 56.6 (9.2) | 2.3 (8.3) | 58.6 (8.10) | − 0.2 (7.8) | 1.52 | 0.13 |
| Do | 14.7 (4.3) | 1.1 (3.5) | 14.8 (4.0) | 0.7 (2.4) | 0.61 | 0.55 |
| School | 20.1 (4.6) | 0.37 (3.8) | 20.4 (4.5) | − 0.3 (3.7) | 0.78 | 0.44 |
| Home | 22.8 (3.3) | 0.9 (2.2) | 23.6 (2.9) | − 0.4 (2.6) | 2.59 | 0.01* |
| Transition-specific self-determination | 75.3 (21.3) | 18.9 (19.7) | 82.5 (21.3) | 8.1 (19.3) | 2.68 | 0.01* |
| Career planning (CDI-A) | 21.5 (8.4) | 4.1 (8.8) | 21.3 (8.0) | 2.6 (7.9) | 0.87 | 0.39 |
| Career exploration (CDI-A) | 23.0 (6.2) | 3.4 (5.6) | 24.7 (6.2) | 0.8 (5.6) | 2.27 | 0.03* |
| Learning climate (LCQ) | 4.1 (1.2) | 0.4 (0.9) | 4.1 (1.0) | 0.1 (0.9) | 1.79 | 0.08 |
| Personal wellbeing index (PWI-SC) | 63.4 (14.8) | − 0.9 (13.5) | 63.3 (12.8) | − 1.1 (11.3) | 0.08 | 0.94 |
| Happiness—life as a whole (PWI-SC) | 60.6 (26.3) | 3.1 (23.3) | 62.0 (22.7) | 63.9 (26.0) | 0.50 | 0.62 |
| Adolescent-reported outcomes | ||||||
| Self-determination (AIR) | ||||||
| Total | 73.7 (21.2) | 6.2 (18.2) | 76.5 (18.3) | 0.5 (18.9) | 1.34 | 0.19 |
| Do | 18.0 (4.8) | 1.1 (4.0) | 18.0 (5.2) | 0.4 (5.3) | 0.58 | 0.57 |
| Feel | 18.5 (5.4) | 0.8 (4.6) | 19.2 (5.1) | 0.1 (5.6) | 0.54 | 0.59 |
| School | 18.9 (6.2) | 1.2 (6.8) | 17.9 (5.3) | 1.4 (4.9) | − 0.13 | 0.89 |
| Home | 21.3 (6.0) | 1.2 (5.1) | 22.7 (4.9) | − 0.1 (5.9) | 1.01 | 0.32 |
| Transition-specific self-determination | 86.0 (23.0) | 11.4 (22.7) | 90.4 (23.7) | 5.2 (21.0) | 1.25 | 0.22 |
| Career planning (CDI-A) | 27.9 (10.0) | 1.5 (9.6) | 30.0 (8.1) | 1.8 (8.5) | − 0.11 | 0.91 |
| Career exploration (CDI-A) | 26.5 (7.1) | 2.3 (6.4) | 28.7 (5.4) | − 1.7 (6.0) | 2.78 | 0.01* |
| Learning climate (LCQ) | 4.6 (1.3) | 0.2 (1.1) | 4.8 (0.9) | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.64 | 0.53 |
| Personal wellbeing index (PWI-SC) | 70.8 (20.1) | − 0.7 (18.2) | 71.5 (13.8) | − 1.5 (12.9) | 0.22 | 0.83 |
| Happiness—life as a whole (PWI-SC) | 67.9 (27.4) | 1.0 (25.7) | 66.5 (16.4) | 4.1 (19.1) | − 0.58 | 0.56 |
* Significant difference between Intervention and Control Group; p < 0.05
aIntervention group: parent n = 49, adolescent n = 39. Control group: parent n = 45, adolescent n = 38