Table 2. Factors associated with viral load suppression at one year from ART initiation, adult analysis using modified intention-to-treat method, N=26153.

	Total patients	VL <1000 copies/mL	Univariate			Multivariate
			OR	95%CI	p	OR	95%CI	p
Age at ART initiation (years)					<0.001			<0.001
18-24	2065	1773	Ref			Ref
25-49	19275	16974	1.21	(1.07, 1.39)	0.004	1.42	(1.24, 1.63)	<0.001
≥50	4813	4393	1.72	(1.47, 2.02)	<0.001	2.20	(1.86, 2.60)	<0.001
Sex
Male	16323	14565	Ref			Ref
Female	9828	8573	0.82	(0.76, 0.89)	<0.001	1.04	(0.95, 1.14)	0.358
Unknown	2	2
Prior AIDS-defining illness					0.027			0.008
No	11027	9705	Ref			Ref
Yes	2000	1725	0.85	(0.74, 0.98)	0.027	0.82	(0.71, 0.95)	0.008
Unknown	13126	11710	1.13	(1.04, 1.22)	0.003	0.83	(0.69, 0.99)	0.036
Pre-ART CD4 count (cells/μL)					<0.001			<0.001
<200	10000	8590	Ref			Ref
200-349	6241	5661	1.60	(1.45, 1.77)	<0.001	1.60	(1.44, 1.78)	<0.001
350-499	2631	2393	1.65	(1.43, 1.91)	<0.001	1.73	(1.48, 2.02)	<0.001
≥500	2363	2160	1.75	(1.50, 2.04)	<0.001	1.91	(1.62, 2.26)	<0.001
Missing	4918	4336	1.22	(1.10, 1.36)	<0.001	1.29	(1.16, 1.44)	<0.001
HIV mode of exposure					<0.001			<0.001
Homosexual/bisexual	6676	6139	1.73	(1.56, 1.92)	<0.001	1.66	(1.46, 1.89)	<0.001
Heterosexual	10403	9036	Ref			Ref
IDU	1229	1017	0.73	(0.62, 0.85)	<0.001	0.69	(0.58, 0.83)	<0.001
Other	504	449	1.24	(0.93, 1.64)	0.148	1.10	(0.82, 1.48)	0.534
Unknown	7341	6499	1.17	(1.07, 1.28)	0.001	1.23	(1.12, 1.36)	<0.001
Region					<0.001			<0.001
Asia-Pacific	1806	1719	0.38	(0.31, 0.48)	<0.001	2.78	(2.20, 3.52)	<0.001
Caribbean, Central and South America	2777	2546	0.68	(0.59, 0.79)	<0.001	1.70	(1.45, 2.00)	<0.001
North America	10970	9685	Ref			Ref
South Africa	10600	9190	1.16	(1.07, 1.25)	<0.001	1.03	(0.85, 1.25)	0.767

Note: Values in bold represent significant covariates in the adjusted model.

Abbreviations: OR – odds ratio, 95%CI – 95% confidence interval, IDU – injecting drug use, ART –antiretroviral therapy.