Table 2.
Comparison of conventional macroscale and improved microscale methods for extracted bound phenolic acids founded in whole maize hybrids kernels
| p-Coumaric acida (µg/g dw) | trans-Ferulic acida (µg/g dw) | 5-5 DFAb (µg FAE/g dw) | DFPb (µg FAE/g dw) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conv | Improve | Conv | Improve | Conv | Improve | Conv | Improve | |
| Minimum | 6.0 | 34.4 | 131.8 | 673.8 | 8.6 | 22.5 | 6.6 | 13.4 |
| Mean | 19.4 | 74.2 | 249.7 | 1029.9 | 12.9 | 64.9 | 20.2 | 25.0 |
| Maximum | 30.6 | 138.6 | 427.5 | 1702.7 | 17.3 | 131.5 | 31.5 | 49.9 |
| LSD | 18.6 | 10.9 | 270.1 | 121.9 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 18.2 | 19.9 |
| C.V. | 58.9 | 8.9 | 53.8 | 7.2 | 40.5 | 7.6 | 54.7 | 48.1 |
| ANOVA | *** | *** | *** | * | ||||
Conv conventional method. Improve improved method. DFA diferulic acid, DFP diferuloylputrescine. Significant differences between the methods were established by ANOVA (α = 0.05), NS no significance, * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001; *** p < 0.001. LSD least significant difference (α = 0.05)
aResults are expressed as the average of three replicates as µg per g dry weight (µg/g dw)
bResults are expressed as the average of three replicates as µg FAE/g dw: µg of ferulic acid equivalents per g dw