Table 2.
Parameter estimates for final model.
| Parameter | Estimate | (RSE %) | SD (%) | (RSE on IIV %) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systolic Prest (mmHg) | 133.25 | (1) | 13 | (5) |
| βPrest, Age (−) | 0.21 | (21) | — | |
| βPrest, Dyspnea (−) | −0.097 | (26) | — | |
| dP (−) | 0.26 | (4) | 36 | (9) |
| βdP, Age (−) | 1.15 | (17) | — | |
| βdP, Recent \; coffee (−) | 0.39 | (30) | — | |
| k (min−1) | 0.40 | (9) | 89 | (7) |
| βk, Dyspnea (−) | −0.77 | (24) | — | |
| βk, HR (−) | −1.47 | (28) | — | |
| σ (−) | 0.036 | (2) | — |
Prest is the asymptotic resting blood pressure representing the BP reached after a long rest, dP is the relative difference between the baseline pressure (before the subject sits or lays down), and k is a rate constant measuring the speed at which BP stabilises. RSE stands for relative estimation error, IIV denotes the interindividual variability, quantified by the standard deviation (SD) of the random effect associated to the population parameter. The β terms denote the influence of covariates on parameters, and are indexed according to the parameter and covariate names. For instance, βPrest,Age denotes the effect of Age on Prest. Covariate effects were entered multiplicatively (see equations in Appendix). Continuous covariates were centered to their median value in the population (median age: 67 years old, median heart rate: 69 bpm).