Fig. 3.

Changes in the mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate of subjects with remifentanil Ce values of 6.0 (n = 10), 6.5 (n = 21) and 7.0 (n = 5) ng/mL. The Y axis in all figures [(a) to (f)] represents the ratio of hemodynamic parameters to baseline values. The X axis represents the time-points at which hemodynamic parameters were recorded. a, b, and c show the arterial blood pressure ratio compared to baseline values in patients assigned to a remifentanil Ce of 6.0, 6.5 and 7.0 ng/mL, respectively. d, e, and f show the heart rate ratio compared to baseline values in patients assigned to a remifentanil Ce of 6.0, 6.5 and 7.0 ng/mL, respectively. BV indicates the baseline values of hemodynamic parameters; PV indicates peak value of hemodynamic parameters immediately after head fixation; Ce is the effect-site target concentration; the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 on the X-axis represent the time (min) after fixation