Table 4.
Characteristics, risk factors, and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for aortic aneurysm and dissection admissions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) versus non-diabetic patients, according to year of study (2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014)
| 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2014 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T2DM | No T2DM | p value | T2DM | No T2DM | p value | T2DM | No T2DM | p value | T2DM | No T2DM | p value | |
| N (%)a,b | 390 (100) | 390 (100) | NA | 615 (100) | 615 (100) | NA | 753 (100) | 753 (100) | NA | 841 (100) | 841 (100) | NA |
| Age adjusted rate per 100.000 inhabitants | 2.03 | NA | NA | 2.93 | NA | NA | 3.3 | NA | NA | 3.45 | NA | NA |
| Male sex, n (%) | 364 (93.33) | 364 (93.33) | NA | 591 (96.1) | 591 (96.1) | NA | 710 (94.29) | 710 (94.29) | NA | 802 (95.36) | 802 (95.36) | NA |
| Age, mean (SD)a,b | 69.84 (9.03) | 69.84 (9.03) | NA | 71.06 (8.12) | 71.06 (8.12) | NA | 71.43 (8.08) | 71.43 (8.08) | NA | 72.41 (7.85) | 72.41 (7.85) | NA |
| 40–59 years, n (%) | 56 (14.36) | 56 (14.36) | NA | 60 (9.76) | 60 (9.76) | NA | 55 (7.3) | 55 (7.3) | NA | 51 (6.06) | 51 (6.06) | NA |
| 60–69 years, n (%) | 106 (27.18) | 106 (27.18) | 177 (28.78) | 177 (28.78) | 234 (31.08) | 234 (31.08) | 247 (29.37) | 247 (29.37) | ||||
| 70–79 years, n (%) | 184 (47.18) | 184 (47.18) | 288 (46.83) | 288 (46.83) | 350 (46.48) | 350 (46.48) | 376 (44.71) | 376 (44.71) | ||||
| ≥ 80 years, n (%) | 44 (11.28) | 44 (11.28) | 90 (14.63) | 90 (14.63) | 114 (15.14) | 114 (15.14) | 167 (19.86) | 167 (19.86) | ||||
| CCI, mean (SD)a,b | 2.48 (0.82) | 1.42 (0.82) | < 0.01 | 2.56 (0.84) | 1.49 (0.79) | < 0.01 | 2.59 (0.76) | 1.53 (0.79) | < 0.01 | 2.7 (0.84) | 1.59 (0.75) | < 0.01 |
| Smoking, n (%)a,b | 139 (35.64) | 136 (34.87) | 0.802 | 238 (38.7) | 214 (34.8) | 0.145 | 323 (42.9) | 316 (41.97) | 0.702 | 363 (43.16) | 360 (42.81) | 0.879 |
| Obesity, n (%)a,b | 19 (4.87) | 11 (2.82) | 0.149 | 32 (5.2) | 20 (3.25) | 0.099 | 79 (10.49) | 28 (3.72) | < 0.01 | 82 (9.75) | 45 (5.35) | 0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%)a,b | 213 (54.62) | 139 (35.64) | < 0.01 | 367 (59.67) | 269 (43.74) | < 0.01 | 470 (62.42) | 371 (49.27) | < 0.01 | 541 (64.33) | 430 (51.13) | < 0.01 |
| Lipid metabolism disorders, n (%)a,b | 47 (12.05) | 20 (5.13) | 0.001 | 129 (20.98) | 83 (13.5) | 0.001 | 292 (38.78) | 200 (26.56) | < 0.01 | 427 (50.77) | 292 (34.72) | < 0.01 |
| Renal diseases, n (%)a,b | 31 (7.95) | 28 (7.18) | 0.686 | 67 (10.89) | 62 (10.08) | 0.635 | 114 (15.14) | 84 (11.16) | 0.021 | 147 (17.48) | 118 (14.03) | 0.053 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%)a,b | 38 (9.74) | 26 (6.67) | 0.112 | 58 (9.43) | 67 (10.89) | 0.376 | 90 (11.95) | 106 (14.08) | 0.212 | 157 (18.67) | 116 (13.79) | 0.007 |
| CHF, n (%) | 22 (5.64) | 13 (3.33) | 0.100 | 29 (4.72) | 24 (3.9) | 0.493 | 44 (5.84) | 40 (5.31) | 0.638 | 41 (4.88) | 34 (4.04) | 0.407 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 36 (9.23) | 32 (8.21) | 0.593 | 55 (8.94) | 48 (7.8) | 0.483 | 36 (4.78) | 60 (7.97) | 0.009 | 61 (7.25) | 62 (7.37) | 0.919 |
| HD/DP, n (%) | 7 (1.79) | 5 (1.28) | 0.566 | 18 (2.93) | 14 (2.28) | 0.467 | 16 (2.12) | 23 (3.05) | 0.240 | 25 (2.97) | 24 (2.85) | 0.884 |
| Thoracic aorta aneurysm open surgery, n (%)a,b | 9 (2.31) | 9 (2.31) | 0.903 | 22 (3.58) | 30 (4.88) | 0.198 | 25 (3.32) | 46 (6.11) | 0.005 | 43 (5.11) | 50 (5.95) | 0.379 |
| TEVAR, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA | 25 (3.32) | 16 (2.12) | 0.133 | 37 (4.4) | 32 (3.8) | 0.508 |
| Abdominal aorta aneurysm open surgery, n (%)a,b | 86 (22.05) | 94 (24.1) | 0.454 | 111 (18.05) | 112 (18.21) | 0.940 | 100 (13.28) | 128 (17) | 0.038 | 137 (16.29) | 153 (18.19) | 0.281 |
| EVAR, n (%)a,b | 19 (4.87) | 22 (5.64) | 0.640 | 93 (15.12) | 76 (12.36) | 0.139 | 232 (30.81) | 190 (25.23) | 0.013 | 312 (37.1) | 291 (34.6) | 0.250 |
| LHS, mean (SD)a,b | 15.63 (16.07) | 12.88 (12.95) | 0.008 | 11.82 (12.11) | 11.44 (16.71) | 0.644 | 11.28 (18.3) | 10.92 (13.32) | 0.669 | 9.43 (13.33) | 9.63 (13.24) | 0.760 |
| In-hospital mortality, n (%)a | 56 (14.36) | 50 (12.82) | 0.447 | 77 (12.52) | 78 (12.68) | 0.920 | 82 (10.89) | 90 (11.95) | 0.446 | 68 (8.09) | 84 (9.99) | 0.118 |
CCI charlson comorbidity index, CHF congestive heart failure, HD/DP hemodyalisis/peritoneal dialysis, TEVAR endovascular implantation of graft in thoracic aorta, EVAR endovascular implantation of graft in abdominal aorta, LHS length of hospital stay
aSignificant time trend among T2DM sufferers
bSignificant time trend among non-T2DM sufferers