Figure 1.

Acute exposure to perfluoroctane sulfonate (PFOS) is cytotoxic to undifferentiated SH-SY5Y dopaminergic neuroblastoma cells, as measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Beginning at 40 μM, PFOS treatment resulted in a statistically significant increase in toxicity, compared with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) treated cells. The amount of toxicity continued to increase with elevated concentrations of PFOS. Columns represent the means of raw data + SEM of eight experimental replicates per treatment group performed over three separate experiments. *** Values statistically significant from DMSO control (p < 0.001).