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. 2017 Sep 20;114(40):E8324–E8332. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1704489114

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Fig. 4. — The effect of phenylalanine (F) and tryptophan (W) residues on the native packing parameters (S) and supramolecular packing arrangements of the lipids DOPE, DOPC, and DPPC. The new packing parameter (S*) and packing arrangement (Packing*) after increasing the lipid head group area by the phenylalanine sidechains of m2a are shown. DOPE changes from reverse hexagonal phase (HII) to bilayer packing, and DOPC and DPPC change from bilayer to hexagonal phase (HI) packing. Values for calculations are taken from refs. 17, 18, 20, 25, 35, and 38.