Fig. 6.

Early cytokine responses from S. mansoni egg-challenged mice. (A–D) IL-4Rα^–/lox, mb1^creIL-4Rα^–/lox, and IL-4Rα^−/− mice were challenged with 2,500 S. mansoni eggs in the left hind footpad and killed at day 2 and 4 postchallenge. Single-cell suspension was prepared from popliteal lymph node (pLN), and B220⁺CD19⁺ B cells were sorted to ∼99% purity using the FACS Aria. RNA was extracted using the Qiagen kit and cDNA synthesized using the cDNA synthesis kit. The levels of il-4 (A), il-10 (B), il-6 (C), and tnf-α (D) mRNA transcripts were determined by real-time PCR. Expression was normalized against the housekeeping gene HPRT Data represent two independent experiments.