Table 2.

Univariate associations of geophagy with sociodemographic and intestinal nematode factors among pregnant women in Ebonyi State, Nigeria, 2012 (n = 797).

Variable		Frequency	Geophagy, n(%)	Unadjusted prevalence ratio (95% CI)	P value
A. Sociodemographic factors
Age (years)
< 20		228	87(38.2)	1.00
21 – 30		299	197(65.9)	0.95(0.63, 1.18)	0.60
31 – 40		207	65 (31.4)	0.86(0.61, 1.24)	0.32
≥ 41		63	21 (33.3)	0.78(0.54,1.16)	0.28
Gestational age (weeks)
First trimester		80	28(35.0)	1.00
Second trimester		278	126(45.3)	1.58(1.05,2.25)	0.017
Third trimester		439	216(49.2)	1.60 (1.25,2.40)	0.001
Parity
Primigravidae		327	160(48.9)	1.00
Secundigravidae		120	38(31.7)	1.28(1.01, 1.61)	0.026
Multigravidae		350	172 (49.1)	1.10(0.81, 1.50)	0.451
Occupation
Trading		219	97(44.3)	1.00
Farming		163	98(60.1)	0.82(0.62, 0.92)	0.037
Civil service		190	73(38.4)	0.68(0.52,0.83)	0.046
Small business		200	100(50.0)	0.74(0.59, 0.95)	0.024
Schooling		18	0(00.0)	0.93(0.63,1.16)	0.134
Unemployed		7	2(28.6)	0.78(0.53,1.14)	0.201
Marital status
Single		74	23(31.1)	1.00
Married		723	347(48.0)	1.45(1.00,2.09)	0.045
Education
No formal education		19	8(42.1)	1.00
Primary education		672	322(47.9)	1.17(0.70, 1.99)	0.421
Secondary education		106	40(37.7)	0.70(0.42, 1.17)	0.212
B. Intestinal nematode factors
A. lumbricoides infection
	Yes	416	234(56.3)	1.22(1.62, 2.14)	0.003
	No	381	136(35.7)	1.00
Hookworm infection
	Yes	354	127(36.1)	0.98(0.65, 2.60)	0.049
	No	443	243(54.9)	1.00
T. trichiura infection
	Yes	17	6(35.3)	0.37(0.22, 2.60)	0.320
	No	780	364(46.7)	1.00
S. stercoralis infection
	Yes	10	3(30.0)	1.10(0.47, 2.51)	0.72
	No	787	367(46.6)	1.00