Table 1.

List of top 20 plague hotspot cities and their role in old world trade route in Europe, AD1347–1760. Key trade node refers to the major transportation node connecting medieval Europe as indicated by Evans and Brooke⁴¹ and Spufford⁴². Major port city indicates whether it also functioned in maritime trade route.

Name of City	Count of Year with Plague Outbreak	Key Trade Node	Major Port City
London	132	Yes	Yes
Alger	90	Yes	Yes
Paris	89	Yes	No
Toulouse	88	Yes	No
Bourg-en-Bresse	77	No	No
Amiens	75	No	No
Nantes	73	No	No
Bordeaux	68	Yes	Yes
Venezia	63	Yes	Yes
Strasbourg	59	Yes	No
Rouen	57	No	No
Limoges	57	Yes	No
Basel	56	Yes	No
Angers	55	No	No
Dijon	53	Yes	No
Troyes	52	No	No
Bremen	46	No	No
Barcelona	46	Yes	Yes
Gdansk	44	Yes	Yes
Milan	44	Yes	No