Table 2. The fatty acid composition (mol%) and estimated enzyme activities in serum triglycerides in the Kuopio Obesity Surgery Study (KOBS, n=122).
| Fatty acids and enzyme activities | Baseline | 1 year | Paired samplest-test | Linear regression | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Effect of weight change (%) |
||||||
| P-value | AdjustedR2 | β | P-value | |||
| Saturated fatty acids | 32.8±3.2 | 30.9±3.5 | <0.002 | 0.10 | 0.33 | <0.002 |
| Myristic acid (14:0) | 1.6±0.6 | 1.8±0.9 | <0.05 | 0.11 | 0.34 | <0.002 |
| Palmitic acid (16:0) | 28.1±2.4 | 26.1±2.5 | <0.002 | 0.06 | 0.26 | <0.01 |
| Stearic acid (18:0) | 3.0±0.6 | 2.9±0.7 | <0.05 | 0.05 | 0.25 | <0.01 |
| Monounsaturated fatty acids | 49.8±3.0 | 50.5±3.3 | <0.05 | 0.05 | −0.25 | <0.01 |
| Palmitoleic acid (16:1 n-7) | 5.2±1.3 | 4.7±1.4 | <0.002 | 0.17 | 0.42 | <0.002 |
| Vaccenic acid (18:1 n-7) | 3.0±0.4 | 2.9±0.5 | <0.002 | 0.06 | 0.26 | <0.01 |
| Oleic acid (18:1 n-9) | 41.1±2.8 | 42.3±3.0 | <0.002 | 0.14 | −0.38 | <0.002 |
| Eicosenoic acid (20:1 n-9+11) | 0.5±0.1 | 0.6±0.1 | <0.002 | 0.00 | −0.10 | >0.05 |
| Polyunsaturated fatty acids | 17.4±3.3 | 18.6±3.7 | <0.002 | 0.02 | −0.15 | >0.05 |
| Total n-3 fatty acids | 3.7±1.4 | 4.2±1.7 | <0.002 | −0.01 | −0.02 | >0.05 |
| α-Linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) | 1.3±0.4 | 1.3±0.5 | >0.05 | 0.06 | 0.27 | <0.01 |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) | 0.5±0.3 | 0.6±0.4 | <0.002 | −0.01 | 0.03 | >0.05 |
| Docosapentaenoic acid (22:5 n-3) | 0.6±0.2 | 0.7±0.2 | <0.002 | 0.10 | −0.32 | <0.002 |
| Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3) | 1.4±0.8 | 1.6±1.1 | <0.05 | 0.00 | −0.08 | >0.05 |
| Total n-6 fatty acids | 13.7±2.4 | 14.4±2.7 | <0.002 | 0.03 | −0.20 | <0.05 |
| Linoleic acid (18:2 n-6) | 11.9±2.3 | 12.4±2.6 | <0.002 | 0.03 | −0.19 | <0.05 |
| γ-linolenic acid (18:3 n-6) | 0.2±0.1 | 0.3±0.2 | <0.002 | 0.04 | 0.22 | <0.05 |
| Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20:3 n-6) | 0.3±0.1 | 0.3±0.1 | <0.05 | 0.09 | 0.32 | <0.002 |
| Arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6) | 1.3±0.5 | 1.5±0.5 | <0.002 | 0.04 | −0.22 | <0.05 |
| Estimated enzyme activities | ||||||
| Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (16:1 n-7/16:0) | 0.2±0.0 | 0.2±0.0 | <0.05 | 0.09 | 0.31 | <0.002 |
| Delta-6 desaturase (18:3 n-6/18:2 n-6) | 0.0±0.0 | 0.0±0.0 | <0.01 | 0.03 | 0.20 | <0.05 |
| Delta-5 desaturase (20:4 n-6/20:3 n-6) | 5.4±2.2 | 5.8±1.9 | <0.01 | 0.16 | −0.41 | <0.002 |
| Elongase (18:0/16:0) | 0.1±0.0 | 0.1±0.0 | >0.05 | 0.03 | 0.19 | <0.05 |
| Elongase (18:1 n-7/16:1 n-7) | 0.6±0.1 | 0.7±0.1 | <0.002 | 0.09 | −0.31 | <0.002 |
| DNL | 2.5±0.6 | 2.3±0.7 | <0.002 | 0.03 | 0.21 | <0.05 |
Values are presented as mean±s.d.
Statistically significant changes are in bold (P<0.002).