Table 1.
Adolescent demographics.
| PCE (n = 186)
|
NCE (n = 179)
|
p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | M (SD) | n (%) | M (SD) | ||
| Male | 83 (44.62) | 87 (48.60) | .45 | ||
| African-American | 152 (81.72) | 145 (81.01) | .86 | ||
| Gestational Age | 37.76 (2.86) | 38.47 (2.88) | .02 | ||
| Birth weight (grams)a | 2705 (654) | 3104 (702) | <.0001 | ||
| Birth length (cm)a | 47.27 (3.97) | 49.15 (3.76) | <.0001 | ||
| Head circumference (cm)a | 32.27 (2.17) | 33.47 (2.40) | <.0001 | ||
| Head circumference <10th% | 27 (14.75) | 8 (4.52) | .001 | ||
| Small for gestational age | 25 (13.37) | 4 (2.20) | <.0001 | ||
| 2yrs and/or 4yrs Lead Levelb | 7.07 (4.14) | 8.04 (4.66) | .06 | ||
| Violence exposure at 12yrs | 0.63 (0.77) | 0.59 (0.81) | .50 | ||
| YSR externalizing behavior at 12 years | 51.07 (10.07) | 47.79 (9.75) | .002 | ||
| WISC-IV Full Scale IQ at 15 years | 81.05 (11.57) | 83.78 (14.09) | .05 | ||
| Age at assessment | |||||
| 15 years | 15.69 (0.27) | 15.67 (0.27) | .48 | ||
| 17 years | 17.81 (0.26) | 17.79 (0.26) | .40 | ||
| Adopted/Foster care | |||||
| 15 years | 44 (24.04) | 6 (3.43) | <.0001 | ||
| 17 years | 39 (22.41) | 5 (2.89) | <.0001 | ||
a
P-value is adjusted for prematurity.
b
Sub-sample size of lead is 284, included 145 PCE and 139 NCE.