Table 3.

Correlation between BA SDS and clinical and biochemical variables

	Total cohort	Sex		Puberty
		female	male	prepubertal	pubertal
Age (years)a	−0.29**	−0.31*	−0.41**	−0.15	−0.07
BMI SDSa	0.55***	0.49***	0.55***	0.52***	0.51***
Fasting insulin	−0.14	−0.22	−0.15	0.02	0.09
HOMA-IR	−0.14	−0.21	−0.14	−0.03	0.12
AUC insulin	0.07	−0.06	0.13	0.13	0.22
Oestradiol SDSa	0.14	0.13	0.13	−	0.10
Testosterone SDS	0.24	0.44*	−0.06	−	0.18
DHEAS SDS	0.29**	0.18	0.33*	0.32*	0.28*
SHBG SDS	−0.17	−0.10	−0.22	−0.24	−0.31*

Correlations are expressed as Spearman ρ (p value) unless otherwise stated. Correlations for oestradiol SDS and testosterone SDS are calculated on the age group of ≥9 years. SDS, standard deviation score; BA, bone age; BMI, body mass index; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; AUC, area under the curve; DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin.

^aPearson correlation (p value).

^*p < 0.05

^**p < 0.01

^***p < 0.001.