Table 3. Summary data for psychological parameters during 21-km running while ingesting either CEPS, CES or PLA.
| Main effects of treatments | Pre-exercise | 5-km | 10-km | 15-km | Post-exercise | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RPE | CEPS | 6.8 ± 0.9 | 8.8 ± 1.8 | 10.1 ± 2.2 | 11.5 ± 2.5 | 13.3 ± 2.8 | |
| CES | 7.0 ± 2.1 | 9.0 ± 2.5 | 10.2 ± 2.3 | 11.2 ± 2.4 | 12.2 ± 3.5 | ||
| PLA | 6.9 ± 1.6 | 9.2 ± 2.1 | 10.4 ± 1.7 | 12.0 ± 2.4 | 13.4 ± 2.3 | ||
| PT | CEPS | 0.4 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 1.3 | 1.7 ± 1.3 | 2.4 ± 2.0 | 2.6 ± 2.3 | |
| CES | 0.2 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 1.2 | 1.6 ± 1.5 | 2.1 ± 1.8 | 1.8 ± 1.8 | ||
| PLA | 0.3 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 1.3 | 1.5 ± 1.5 | 2.4 ± 1.8 | 3.1 ± 2.4 | ||
| AD | CEPS | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 1.0 | 1.4 ± 1.5 | 1.5 ± 1.4 | 1.6 ± 1.9 | |
| CES | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.5 | 0.6± 0.8 | 1.5± 1.5 | 1.5± 1.6 | ||
| PLA | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.7± 1.1 | 0.7± 1.1 | 1.2± 1.3 | 1.8± 1.9 |
RPE: Rating of exertion; PT: Perceived thirst; AD: Abdominal discomfort;
CEPS: Carbohydrate-electrolyte-protein solution; CES: Carbohydrate-electrolyte solution; PLA: Placebo.