Table 2.
Substantiated childhood maltreatment and injecting drug use at the 21-year follow-up, Brisbane, Australia.
| Childhood maltreatment | Males (n = 1769)
|
Females (n = 1981)
|
p-value b | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Injecting drug use, n (%)
|
χ2 (df = 1) (p-value) | Injecting drug use, n (%)
|
χ2 (df = 1) (p-value) | ||||
| No (%) | Yes (%) | No (%) | Yes (%) | ||||
| Any maltreatment a | |||||||
| No | 1590 (93.6) | 108 (6.4) | 6.29 (0.012) | 1811 (95.8) | 79 (4.2) | 16.07 (< 0.0001) | < 0.0001 |
| Yes | 62 (85.1) | 10 (13.9) | 79 (85.8) | 12 (13.2) | |||
| Sexual abuse | |||||||
| No | 1641 (93.3) | 117 (6.7) | 0.10 (0.75) | 1854 (95.6) | 85 (4.4) | 9.12 (0.002) | 0.036 |
| Yes | 10 (90.9) | 1 (9.1) | 36 (85.7) | 6 (14.3) | |||
| Physical abuse | |||||||
| No | 1624 (93.3) | 112 (6.7) | 7.16 (0.007) | 1859 (95.6) | 85 (4.4) | 11.62 (0.001) | < 0.0001 |
| Yes | 27 (81.8) | 6 (18.2) | 31 (83.8) | 6 (16.2) | |||
| Emotional abuse | |||||||
| No | 1618 (93.6) | 111 (6.4) | 7.71 (0.005) | 1852 (95.7) | 83 (4.3) | 17.59 (< 0.0001) | < 0.0001 |
| Yes | 33 (81.5) | 7 (17.5) | 38 (82.6) | 8 (17.4) | |||
| Neglect | |||||||
| No | 1621 (93.4) | 114 (6.6) | 1.45 (0.23) | 1860 (95.6) | 85 (4.4) | 12.19 (< 0.0001) | 0.007 |
| Yes | 30 (88.2) | 4 (11.8) | 30 (82.3) | 6 (16.7) | |||
a
Any combination of childhood maltreatment included neglect, sexual, physical or emotional abuse.
b
Likelihood ratio test of the interaction term with gender.