Table 2. Default parameter values for the numerical simulations.

See also Table 1 for short descriptions of the parameters. TL: top-left, TR: top-right, BL: bottom-left, BR: bottom-right. Note that in Fig 6A the learning rate η is varied from 2 ⋅ 10⁻⁵ to 10 ⋅ 10⁻⁵ and that in Fig 6B the virtual-rat running speed is sampled from an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with long-term mean $\overline{v}=v$.

	Unit	Fig 5 Fig 6	Fig 7 (TL)	Fig 7 (TR)	Fig 7 (BL) Fig 8A1–8A4	Fig 7 (BR) Fig 8B1–8B4	Fig 9 Fig 10
N		900	3600	3600	3600	3600	3600
r0	[s−1]	10	4	4	4	4	4
τS	[s]	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
τL	[s]	0.16	0.16	0.35	0.16	0.35	0.16
μ		1.06	1.06	1.06	1.06	1.06	1.06
L	[m]	1	2	2	2	2	1
v	[m/s]	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
σθ		0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
rav	[s−1]	0.4	0.21	0.085	0.3	0.1	0.8
σ	[m]	0.0625	0.045	0.045	0.0625	0.0625	0.0625
M		−	−	−	−	−	10
η		2 ⋅ 10−5	5 ⋅ 10−5	5 ⋅ 10−5	5 ⋅ 10−5	5 ⋅ 10−5	5 ⋅ 10−5
τW	[s]	0.05	−	−	−	−	−
Wtot	[s]	1	1	1	1	1	1
α		3.56	−	−	−	−	−
β		−8.78	−	−	−	−	−
a	[s−1]	1.1	4	4	4	4	2.5
b	[s−1]	0.49	0.69	0.28	1.23	0.31	2.8
λmax	[s−1]	1	0.90	0.82	0.80	0.85	1.75
$w_{\text{av}}^{\infty }$		0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.02
τav	[s]	5.13 ⋅ 103	1.44 ⋅ 103	3.57 ⋅ 103	8.12 ⋅ 102	3.18 ⋅ 103	1.42 ⋅ 102
τstr	[s]	5 ⋅ 104	2.23 ⋅ 104	2.42 ⋅ 104	2.50 ⋅ 104	2.36 ⋅ 104	1.14 ⋅ 104