Table 2.
Preoperative and postoperative pain, ROM, and strength
| Parameter | Preoperative | Postoperative* | Mean/median difference (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward flexion ROM (°)(mean ± SD)* | 52 ± 40 | 109 ± 44 | 56 (40–72) | < 0.000 |
| External rotation ROM (º)(mean ± SD)* | 15 ± 22 | 31 ± 21 | 16 (8–25) | < 0.000 |
| Pain (median/range) | 4 (2–5) | 1 (1–4) | −2 (−3 to 0) | < 0.000 |
| Internal rotation ROM (median/range) | Sacrum (T10-abdomen) | Buttock (T6-abdomen) | 0.296 | |
| Forward flexion strength (median/range) | 4 (2–5) | 4 (2–5) | 0 (−1 to 2) | 0.68 |
| Abduction strength (median/range) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (2–5) | 1 (−1 to 2) | 0.039 |
| External rotation strength (median/range) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (2–5) | 1 (−1 to 2) | 0.069 |
| Internal rotation strength (mean/range) | 3 (2–4) | 4 (2–5) | 1 (−1 to 2) | 0.065 |
*One missing value of the 38 patients during the postoperative period.