Table 3.
Multivariable competing-risk regression model for any recurrence and lung cancer-specific death and Cox model for all-cause death
| Any recurrence | Lung cancer-specific death | All-cause death | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Variable | SHR | 95% CI | p | SHR | 95% CI | p | HR | 95% CI | p |
| Age: >65 vs ≤65 | -* | - | - | -* | - | - | 2.30 | 1.66, 3.20 | <0.001 |
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| Sex: female vs. male | -* | - | - | 1.42 | 0.89, 2.29 | 0.14 | -* | - | - |
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| Smoking pack-year: >90 vs ≤90 | 1.53 | 1.01, 2.32 | 0.043 | -* | - | - | 1.34 | 0.99, 1.82 | 0.060 |
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| Pathological stage (vs Stage I) | |||||||||
| Stage II | 1.59 | 0.98, 2.56 | 0.059 | 1.93 | 1.09, 3.43 | 0.025 | 1.11 | 0.79, 1.54 | 0.6 |
| Stage III | 1.65 | 0.90, 3.02 | 0.11 | 2.53 | 1.26, 5.08 | 0.009 | 1.49 | 0.99, 2.24 | 0.057 |
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| Tumor size: per 1 cm increase | 0.97 | 0.88, 1.07 | 0.6 | 1.01 | 0.92, 1.11 | 0.8 | 1.06 | 0.99, 1.13 | 0.094 |
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| Lymphatic invasion: present vs. absent | 1.25 | 0.80, 1.96 | 0.3 | 1.35 | 0.76, 2.39 | 0.3 | 1.25 | 0.94, 1.66 | 0.13 |
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| Vascular invasion: present vs. absent | 1.03 | 0.71, 1.49 | 0.9 | 1.10 | 0.67, 1.78 | 0.7 | 0.95 | 0.73, 1.24 | 0.7 |
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| Necrosis: present vs. absent | 1.43 | 0.99, 2.07 | 0.060 | 1.37 | 0.85, 2.22 | 0.2 | -* | - | - |
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| Nuclear size: large vs. small | 1.42 | 0.98, 2.04 | 0.063 | 1.37 | 0.87, 2.14 | 0.2 | -* | - | - |
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| Ki-67: ≥20% vs. <20% | -* | - | - | 1.90 | 0.72, 5.01 | 0.2 | 1.56 | 1.02, 2.40 | 0.040 |
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| Tumor budding: ≥10/HPF vs. <10/HPF | 1.35 | 0.84, 2.17 | 0.2 | 1.87 | 1.02, 3.43 | 0.044 | 1.56 | 1.09, 2.25 | 0.016 |
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| Single cell invasion: present vs. absent | -* | - | - | 0.97 | 0.56, 1.67 | 0.9 | 1.34 | 0.99, 1.81 | 0.057 |
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| STAS: present vs. absent | 1.50 | 1.03, 2.18 | 0.034 | 1.75 | 1.11, 2.75 | 0.016 | 1.12 | 0.85, 1.47 | 0.4 |
CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; SHR, sub-hazard ratio; STAS, spread through air spaces
*
variables with p-value >0.1 in univariable models were not analyzed in multivariable model