Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Cefepime Neurotoxicity
| Characteristics | N = 198 |
|---|---|
| Mean age (±SD) | 67 (±13) |
| Male sex, % (n) | 49% (86 of 170) |
| Renal dysfunction, % (n)a | 87% (149 of 171) |
| ESRD, % (n) | 29% (37 of 129) |
| Median cefepime dose/24 hours, grams (±SD) | 4 (±1.8) |
| Dosing above recommended maximum based on renal functionb | 50% (55 of 110) |
| Mean onset after cefepime start, days (±SD) |
5 (4) |
| EEG performed, % (n) | 81% (141 of 174) |
| Treatment | |
| Antiepileptic drugs used, % (n) | 33% (56 of 170) |
| Dialysis usedc, % (n) | 14% (24 of 171) |
Abbreviations: EEG, electroencephalogram; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; SD, standard deviation.
aIncludes both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease.
bRenal function at time of diagnosis of toxicity if available.
cExcluding patients who received regularly scheduled maintenance hemodialysis.