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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 13.
Published in final edited form as: Joint Bone Spine. 2016 Sep 20;84(4):421–426. doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2016.07.005

Fig. 2. Pro-inflammatory T cells in GCA.

Fig. 2

T cells accumulating in the granulomatous infiltrates of GCA are functionally diverse. Based on their cytokine production profile, such lesional T cells are able to interact with selected immune and nonimmune target cells and promote distinct pathogenic pathways. The best understood pathways are outlined. Available data suggest that additional T cell dependent pathogenic cascades are operational in the inflamed arterial wall.