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. 2017 Oct 6;7(10):e016091. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016091

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© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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A path diagram showing the observed direct effects between variables using path analysis. Model 1: Hypothesised model of living situation, loneliness, depressive symptoms and major depressive episodes (MDE). Model 2: Final model of living situation, loneliness, depressive symptoms and major depressive episodes.