Table 2.

Pain and pain-related characteristics in compensable and non-compensable participants

	Measure	Statistic	Compensable n=160		Not compensable n=273		p Value	Effect size
Pain severity	BPI	M (SD)	2.94 (2.19)		2.30 (1.94)		0.002	0.31
Pain interference	BPI	M (SD)	3.39 (2.78)		2.16 (2.28)		<0.001	0.48
Pain catastrophising	PCS	Md (IQR)	8.00 (16.00)		4.00 (13.00)		<0.001*	0.17
Pain self-efficacy	PSEQ	M (SD)	41.41 (15.43)		47.78 (13.14)		<0.001	0.44
Kinesiophobia	TSK	M (SD)	38.45 (8.39)		36.30 (7.99)		0.008	0.26
Perceived injustice	IEQ	M (SD)	20.52 (14.61)		13.73 (12.40)		<0.001	0.50

Statistics were all independent samples t-tests, and Cohen’s D effect sizes, except for pain catrastophising, which was examined with a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test (and effect size calculation of z/√N).

BPI, Brief Pain Inventory; IEQ, Injustice Experience Questionnaire; M, mean; Md, median; PCS, Pain Catastrophising Scale; PSEQ, Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire; TSK, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia.